Chapter 2

the dark band seen as part of the striation effect of skeletal and cardiac muscle

a neurotransmitter widely distributed in body tissues with a primary function of mediating synaptic activity of the nervous system and skeletal muscles

a type of contractile protein (myofilament)

an electrical impulse transmitted across the plasma membrane of a nerve fiber during the transmission of a nerve impulse and across the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber during contraction

a product of the hydrolysis of ATP

an energy-storing molecule in muscle that releases energy when it is hydrolyzed to adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

contractile tissue of the heart

the process of a myosin crossbridge swiveling inward, being released from the actin molecule, standing back up, rebinding to the actin molecule, and swiveling again; also called crossbridge recharging

the end of the neuron

the connective tissue sheath covering an individual muscle fiber

the connective tissue sheath covering a muscle

Content

a bundle of muscle fibers (plural: fasciculi)

fatigable muscle fibers that favor glycolytic (anaerobic) methods of energy production; also known as type IIb fibers

one of the three primary fiber types in human skeletal muscle; also called type IIa

a lighter area within the A band seen as part of the striation effect of skeletal and cardiac muscle

a lighter area between the A bands seen as part of the striation effect of skeletal and cardiac muscle

the organelle within the sarcoplasm that functions in aerobic energy metabolism and respiration (plural: mitochondria)

a neuron that conducts impulses from the central nervous system to the muscles and other effectors; also known as efferent neuron

a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers that it innervates

the electrical charge that accompanies the contraction of muscle tissue

the slender column-like structures that run longitudinally within the sarcoplasm of a muscle fiber

contractile protein

the intersection of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber; also known as neuromuscular junction

a type of contractile protein (myofilament)

an enzyme that breaks down ATP that is bound to the myosin cross-bridge, thereby liberating energy

the portion of the myosin protein that binds with the binding site on the actin protein; also known as myosin head

the intersection of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber; also known as myoneural junction

the connective tissue sheath covering a fasciculus

the cell membrane of a muscle fiber

the functional unit of the myofibril

the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber

a network of tubules and sacs in skeletal muscle fibers that plays an important role in muscle contraction and relaxation by releasing and storing calcium ions; analogous to endoplasmic reticulum of other cells

contractile tissue attached to the skeleton

the proposition that explains how protein filaments within the sarcomere move to cause muscle fiber contraction

fatigue-resistant muscle fibers that favor oxidative (aerobic) methods of energy production; also known as type I fibers

contractile tissue found in the walls of the hollow viscera and blood vessels

the junction between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector organ

a network of cells

extensions of the sarcolemma that allow the action potential to move from the outside to the inside of a muscle fiber

a type of contractile protein (myofilament) that changes shape upon calcium binding with troponin, allowing actin and myosin to bind

a type of contractile protein (myofilament) that binds calcium ions

the membrane that separates sarcomeres