Chapter 18

Key Terms

Social desirability bias: producing inaccurate socially desirable answers on questionnaires.

Bogus pipeline: a sham lie detector used to elicit honest answers when individuals complete personality questionnaires.

Traits: aspects or dimensions of personality that exhibit individual differences and are moderately stable over time; they have direct and indirect influences on behaviour.

Fundamental lexical hypothesis: the assumption that dictionaries contain words referring to all of the most important personality traits.

Self-efficacy: The beliefs about being able to perform a task so as to achieve certain goals.

Self-regulation: the notion that individual learn to reward and punish themselves internally to regulate their own behaviour and achieve desired outcomes.

Weblinks

A Discovery History documentary of Sigmund Freud
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ySsLRwE3Lk

Freud’s theory of human nature
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fd1jOQ7RjJ0

Albert Bandura talking about social cognitive theory
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S4N5J9jFW5U&t=13s

A biography of Albert Bandura
http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/bandura.html

An article summarising Eysenck’s contribution to Psychology
https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-20/edition-11/personality-and-psychology-hans-eysencks-unifying-themes

A site giving a useful summary of the theories and ways of testing personality
http://personality-project.org/

A free online personality test
https://sapa-project.org/

Take a personality test
http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-win/JTypes2.asp

Take the Cattell 16PF test
http://www.similarminds.com/cattell-16-factor.html

More information about the (Hans) Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
http://www.trans4mind.com/personality/EPQ.html

Take the Big Five personality test for fun
http://www.outofservice.com/bigfive/