Viruses

Latin name Gram stain Morphology Disease Chapter

adenovirus
dsDNA acute respiratory disease, diarrhea, gastrointestinal infections 12, 13, 22

alphaviruses
+ ssRNA encephalitis 8

arboviruses
+ ssRNA

+ ssRNA

- ssRNA		 hemorrhagic fever, hepatic necrosis, West Nile fever (fever and encephalitis) 6, 8, 24, 25

arena virus
– ssRNA zoonotic central nervous system infections 8, 13

Arenaviridae
– ssRNA Lassa fever 8

avian influenza virus (H5N1)
– ssRNA avian influenza (bird flu) 8, 13

Bunyaviridae
– ssRNA hantavirus pulmonary syndrome 8

calicivirus
+ ssRNA diarrhea, gastrointestinal infections 22

coronavirus
+ ssRNA acute mild respiratory infections, SARS, MERS 13, 19

cowpox virus
dsDNA cowpox 13

coxsackievirus A16
+ ssRNA hand-foot-and-mouth disease 13

cytomegalovirus
dsDNA acute polyneuritis, mononucleosis syndrome 13, 17, 19, 24, 25

Dengue virus
+ ssRNA fever, headache, muscle and joint pain 6, 19, 25

eastern equine encephalitis virus
+ ssRNA encephalitis 24, 25

Ebola virus
– ssRNA hemorrhagic fever 4, 8, 12, 13, 19, 25

enterovirus
+ ssRNA diarrhea, gastrointestinal infections, meningitis, persistent enterovirus infection of the immunodeficient 13, 22, 24

Epstein-Barr virus
dsDNA acute polyneuritis, Burkitt’s lymphoma, infectious mononucleosis, lymphoproliferative infections in immunocompromised patients, nasopharyngeal carcinoma 13, 24, 25

flavivirus
+ ssRNA hemorrhagic fever, yellow fever 6, 8, 25

hantavirus
– ssRNA hanta fever, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome 6, 8, 21

hepatitis A virus
+ ssDNA food poisoning, hepatitis A 5, 6, 7, 13, 22

hepatitis B virus (HBV)
- ssRNA (partially ds) cirrhosis, hepatitis B, hepatocellular carcinoma 5, 6, 13, 20, 22, 23

hepatitis C virus
+ ssRNA cirrhosis, hepatitis C, hepatocellular carcinoma 5, 6, 8, 13, 15, 19, 22, 23

hepatitis D virus
- ssRNA cirrhosis, hepatitis D 22

hepatitis E virus
+ ssRNA liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, hepatitis E 22

hepatitis G virus
+ ssRNA hepatitis 22

herpesvirus
dsDNA meningitis 12, 13, 19, 24

herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)
dsDNA cold sores (fever blisters), ophthalmic herpes 13, 17, 19, 23, 24, 26

herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)
dsDNA genital herpes 5, 13, 17, 19, 23, 24

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
+ ssRNA acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24

human lymphotropic virus
+ ssRNA lymphoma, T cell leukemia 13

human papillomavirus (HPV)
dsDNA carcinomas,cervical cancer, papilomas, warts (dermal, genital) 12, 13, 19, 23, 26

influenza virus (influenza A and B )
– ssRNA influenza 1, 5, 7, 8, 12, 13, 15, 19, 21

Lassa virus
– ssRNA Lassa fever 8

Marburg virus
– ssRNA hemorrhagic fever 8, 19, 25

measles virus
– ssRNA measles, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis 5, 6, 13, 24

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
+ ssRNA acurte respiratory illness, fever, cough, shortness of breath 13, 19

mumps virus
– ssRNA meningitis, mumps 5, 6, 13, 24

Nipah virus
– ssRNA central nervous system infections 8

Norwalk viruses (norovirus)
+ ssRNA intestinal infections 22

parainfluenza virus
– ssRNA parainfluenza 21

poliovirus
+ ssRNA poliomyelitis (abortive, aseptic, paralytic) 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 24

polyoma virus BK
dsDNA hemorrhagic cystitis 13

polyoma virus JC
dsDNA progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy 13

poxviruses
dsDNA smallpox 12, 13, 19, 26

pseudorabies virus
dsDNA Aujeszky's disease 13

rabies virus
– ssRNA rabies 5, 6, 8, 13, 24

respiratory syncytial virus
– ssRNA respiratory infections 19, 21

rhabdovirus
– ssRNA rabies 7, 8

rhinovirus
+ ssRNA common cold 12, 13, 19, 21

rotavirus
dsRNA diarrhea, gastrointestinal infections 13, 22

rubella virus
+ ssRNA progressive rubella panencephalitis, rubella (German measles) 5, 6, 13, 24, 26

rubeola virus
– ssRNA measles (five-day measles, hard measles) 26

SARS virus (coronavirus)
+ ssRNA severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 6, 8, 19, 20

St Louis encephalitis virus
+ ssRNA encephalitis 24, 25

varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
dsDNA chickenpox, postherpetic neuralgia, shingles 5, 6, 13, 16, 17, 19, 24, 26

variola minor; variola major virus
dsDNA smallpox 6, 8, 12, 13, 26

Venezuelan encephalitis virus
+ ssRNA central nervous system infections 13

western equine encephalitis virus
+ ssRNA encephalitis 24, 25

West Nile virus
+ ssRNA West Nile fever (fever and encephalitis) 6, 8, 24, 25

yellow fever virus
+ ssRNA hemorrhagic fever, hepatic necrosis 6, 8, 13, 25