About
Chapter 12 introduces the music and associated cultural activities from South America and Mexico. Ancient traditions, such as those associated with the Amazonian indigenous groups and the sikuri (panpipe) ensembles from descendants of the Inca populations, contrast with more modern styles, such as tango, samba, and mariachi. The global celebration of Carnival, which is most famous in its Brazilian manifestation, is highlighted in a feature box. The Brazilian martial art, known as capoeira, and its associated music is also introduced.
Key Terms
- Agogo
- Atabaques
- Aztec
- Bairro
- Bandoneon
- Berimbau
- Bombos (also Surdo)
- Caixa
- Cajas
- Carnival
- Charro
- Compé
- Cuíca
- Escolas de samba
- Favela
- Ginga (also Jenga)
- Guitarrón
- Hocket
- Inca
- Mariachi
- Maya
- Mestizo
- Mestre
- Mulatto
- Pandeiros
- Porteños
- Ranchera
- Rêco-rêco
- Roda
- Samba
- Samba canção
- Samba-baiana
- Samba-carnavalesco
- Samba-enredo
- Samba-reggae
- Sambistas
- Siku
- Sikuri
- Son jalisciense
- Tango
- Vihuela
Flashcards
Practice Quiz
Audio Examples
12.1
Brazil: Amazonian Indian chant. "Nhiok: Okkaikrikti" by Group of Xikrin men from the recording entitled Traditional Music of the World, Vol. 7: Ritual Music of the Kayapó-Xikrin, Brazil, SFW40433, courtesy of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. (p) (c) 1995. Used by permission.
12.2
Peru: Sikuri ensemble. “Qhantati Ururi: Easter Music" by n/a from the recording entitled Mountain Music of Peru, Vol. 2, SFW40406, courtesy of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. (p) (c) 1994. Used by permission.
12.3
Argentina: Tango. "El choclo" by René Marino Rivero from the recording entitled Traditional Music of the World, Vol. 5: Bandoneon Pure: Dances of Uruguay, SFW40431, courtesy of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. (p) (c) 1993. Used by permission.
12.4
Brazil: Samba. “Agoniza, Mas Nao Morre (It suffers but doesn’t die)” performed by Nelson Sargento, Kuarup Records. © 1978 by MANGIONE, FILHOS & CIA, LTDA, successor to EDITORIAL MANGIONE S.A., successor to E S. MANGIONE (Editora Musical Red Lips) – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All rights reserved for all countries of the world.
12.5
Brazil: Capoeira. "Rei Zumbi dos Palmares: Saia do Mar, Marinheiro" by Grupo de Capoeira Angola Pelourinho from the recording entitled Capoeira Angola from Salvador, Brazil, SFW40465, courtesy of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. (p) (c) 1996. Used by permission.
12.6
Mexico: Mariachi. "Los Arrieros" by Nati Cano's Mariachi Los Camperos from the recording entitled ¡Viva el Mariachi!: Nati Cano's Mariachi Los Camperos, SFW40459, courtesy of Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. (p) (c) 2002. Used by permission
Video Links
For more world music videos, visit the World Music YouTube Channel .
- Dance of the Amazon Indians
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9I_G0Rm6HLw
- Quichua Mashis nw folklife music from the Andes
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NoaO42Kbaj4
- Sights and Sounds of Peru
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=C-F7dTx2nUA
- Peruvian Ethnic Music & Dances
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16RpDTlBVW0
- Native Peruvian Music
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XHR6f-Vt-dY
- Huayno Cusco
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gSE0N_RsDBg
- Sikuri en la Fiesta del Carmen
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pSbYu5P2xr0
- Tango – Argentina
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXhQNRsH3uc
- Street Tango
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PuRl1TqNfg8
- Mariachi
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvKf6-fSM08
- Nelson Sargento
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M2mkPBSDQGY
- Highlights - Carnival in Sambadrome - Rio de Janeiro 2016
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5wiGpMxUmk
Audio Book
Coming soon...
On Your Own Time
Links and further resources
- Book:
- Seeger, Anthony. Why Suyá Sing: A Musical Anthropology of an Amazonian People. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2004.
- http://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/catalog/74ncw8sx9780252072024.html
- Book:
- Olsen, Dale. Music of the Warao of Venezuela: Song People of the Rain Forest. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 1996.
- http://www.upf.com/book.asp?id=OLSENS96
- DVD:
- Children of the Amazon. Dir. Denise Zmekhol. ZD Films, 2010.
- http://www.childrenoftheamazon.com/
- Popular Artists of the Amazon Region:
- Marlui Miranda
- Mawaca
- Book:
- Turino, Thomas.Moving Away from Silence: Music of the Peruvian Altiplano and the Experience of Urban Migration. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
- http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/M/bo3643710.html
- Book:
- Mendoza, Zoila.Shaping Society through Dance: Mestizo Ritual Performance in the Peruvian Andes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.
- http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/S/bo3641137.html
- Book:
- Olsen, Dale. Music of El Dorado: The Ethnomusicology of Ancient South American Cultures. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2002.
- http://www.upf.com/book.asp?id=OLSENS02
- Website:
- Music from the Andes
- http://boleadora.com/andes.htm
- Popular Artists of the Andes:
- Los Kjarkas
- Los Incas
- Illapu
- Quilapayún
- Rumillajta
- Savia Andina
- Website:
- Argentina-Tango
- https://argentina-tango.com
- Website:
- Tango Argentino de Tejas
- http://www.tejastango.com/
- Book:
- Denniston, Christine.The Meaning of Tango: The Story of the Argentinian Dance. Anova Books, 2008.
- http://www.history-of-tango.com/history-of-tango-dance.html
- Popular Artists of Argentina:
- Carlos Gardel
- Tanghetto
- Carlos Libedinsky
- Gotan Project
- Bajofondo
- Book:
- Browning, Barbara. Samba: Resistance in Motion. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1996.
- https://iupress.org/9780253209566/samba/
- Book:
- McGowan, Christopher, and Ricardo Pessanha. Brazilian Sound: Samba, Bossa Nova, and the Popular Music of Brazil. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1998.
- http://books.google.com/books/p/temple_univ_press?id=7MFDEoTR7MC&dq=samba&source=gbs_navlinks_s
- DVD:
- Favela Rising. Dir. Matt Mochary and Jeff Zimbalist. Magnolia Pictures, 2009.
- http://www.favelarising.com/
- Audio:
- Getz/Gilberto. Verve Records: 521414, 1964.
- http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/artist/music/detail.aspx?pid=10366&aid=2856
- Book:
- Talmon-Chvaicer, Maya. The Hidden History of Capoeira: A Collision of Cultures in the Brazilian Battle Dance. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2007.
- https://utpress.utexas.edu/books/talhid
- Audio:
- Capoeira Angola from Salvador, Brazil. Smithsonian-Folkways: SFW40465, 1996.
- http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/capoeira-angola-from-salvador/id82059632
- Popular Artists of Brazil:
- Gilberto Gil
- Caetano Veloso
- Margareth Menezes
- Daniela Mercury
- Olodum
- Clara Nunes
- Chico Buarque
- Ivete Sangalo
- Virginia Rodrigues
- Marisa Monte
- Website:
- Mariachi.org
- http://www.mariachi.org/
- Book:
- Sheehy, Daniel. Mariachi Music in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
- https://global.oup.com/academic/product/mariachi-music-in-america-9780195141467?q=Mariachi%20Music%20in%20America&lang=en&cc=us
- Popular Artists of Mexico:
- Carlos Santana
- Selena
- Ritchie Valens
- José Alfredo Jiménez
- Vargas de Tecalitlán
- Banda Machos
- Pepe Aguilar
- Banda el Recodo
- La Arrolladora Banda El Limón
- Tito Guízar
- Molotov