Introducing Tibetan Buddhism

Chapter 1: Background

• Beckwith, Christopher I. The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs and Chinese during the Early Middle Ages. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1987.
• Davidson, Ronald M. Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. A History of Modern Tibet, 1913–1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1989.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. A History of Modern Tibet: Vol.2: The Calm Before the Storm, 1951–55. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2007.
• Kapstein, Matthew T. The Tibetans. Oxford and Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.
• Karmay, Samten G. and Watt, Jeff (eds). Bon The Magic Word: The Indigenous Religion of Tibet. New York: Rubin Museum of Art; London: Philip Wilson Publishers, 2007.
• King, Richard. Orientalism and Religion: Postcolonial Theory, India and ‘The Mystic East’. London and New York: Routledge, 1999.
• Lopez Jr., Donald S. (ed.). Curators of the Buddha: The Study of Buddhism under Colonialism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.
• Lopez Jr., Donald S. Prisoners of Shangri-La: Tibetan Buddhism and the West. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
• Samuel, Geoffrey. Civilized Shamans: Buddhism in Tibetan Societies. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993.
• Samuel, Geoffrey. The Origins of Yoga and Tantra: Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century. London and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
• Shakabpa, W.D. Tibet: A Political History. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 1967.
• Shakya, Tsering, The Dragon in the Land of Snows: A History of Modern Tibet since 1947. New York: Columbia University Press, 1999.
• Stein, Rolf A. Tibetan Civilization. London: Faber, 1972.
• Stein, Rolf A. Tibeta Antiqua. With Additional Materials. Translated and edited by Arthur P. McKeown. Leiden: Brill, 2010.
• Walter, Michael L. Buddhism and Empire: The Political and religious Culture of Early Tibet. Leiden: Brill, 2009.

Agricultural Tibet

• Aziz, Barbara N. Tibetan Frontier Families: Reflections of Three Generations from D'ing-ri. Vikas, New Delhi, 1978.
• Dollfus, Pascale. Lieu de Neige et de Genévriers: Organisation Sociale et Religieuse des Communautés Bouddhistes du Ladakh. Paris: Éditions du CNRS, 1989.
• Fürer-Haimendorf, Christoph von. Himalayan Traders: Life in Highland Nepal. London, John Murray, 1975.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. ‘Serfdom and mobility: an examination of the institution of “human lease” in traditional Tibetan society.’ J Asian Studies 30,3 (1971): 521–534.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. ‘Stratification, polyandry and family structure in Central Tibet.’ Southwestern J. of Anthropology 27,1 (1971): 64–74.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. ‘Taxation and the structure of a Tibetan village.’ Central Asiatic J 15 (1971): 1–27.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. ‘The balance between centralization and decentralization in the traditional Tibetan political system.’ Central Asiatic J 15 (1971): 170–182.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. ‘The circulation of estates in Tibet: Reincarnation, land and politics.’ J Asian Studies 32 (1973): 445–455.
• Jest, Corneille. Tarap: une vallée dans l’Himalaya. Paris, Le Seuil, 1974.
• Jest, Corneille. Dolpo. Communautés de langue tibétaine du Népal. Paris: Éditions du CNRS, 1976.
• Pirie, Fernanda. ‘Legal Autonomy as Political Engagement: The Ladakhi Village in the Wider World.’ Law and Society Review 40,1 (2006), 77–103.
• Ramble, Charles. The Navel of the Demoness: Tibetan Buddhism and Civil Religion in Highland Nepal. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.

Nomadic Tibet

• Ekvall, Robert B. Tibetan Skylines. New York, Farrar, Straus and Young, 1952.
• Ekvall, Robert B. Tents Against the Sky. London, Victor Gollancz, 1954.
• Ekvall, Robert B. Fields on the Hoof: Nexus of Tibetan Nomadic Pastoralism. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. and Beall, Cynthia M. Nomads of Western Tibet: The Survival of a Way of Life. London: Serindia, 1990.
• Pirie, Fernanda. ‘Segmentation within the state: The reconfiguration of Tibetan tribes in China's reform period,’ Nomadic Peoples 9, 1 (2005), 83–102.
• Pirie, Fernanda. ‘Tribe and state in Eastern Tibet: Feuding, mediation and the negotiation of authority among the Amdo Nomads.’ Working paper no. 72. Halle: Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, 2005.
• Thargyal, Rinzin. Nomads of Eastern Tibet: Social Organization and Economy of a Pastoral Estate in the Kingdom of Dege. Edited by Toni Huber. Leiden: Brill, 2002.

Trade and towns

• Fürer-Haimendorf, Christoph von. Himalayan Traders: Life in Highland Nepal. London, John Murray, 1975.
• Pommaret, Françoise (ed.). Lhasa in the Seventeenth Century: The Capital of the Dalai Lamas. Translated by Howard Solverson. Leiden; Boston, 2003.
• Spengen, Wim van. Tibetan Border Worlds: A Geohistorical Analysis of Trade and Traders. London: Kegan Paul International, 2000.

Chapter 2: The development of Buddhism in Tibet

• Blondeau, Anne-Marie and Buffetrille, Katia. Authenticating Tibet: Answers to China’s 100 Questions. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 2008.
• Davidson, Ronald M. Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.
• Davidson, Ronald M. Tibetan Renaissance: Tantric Buddhism in the Rebirth of Tibetan Culture. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
• DeCaroli, Robert. Haunting the Buddha: Indian Popular Religions and the Formation of Buddhism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
• Dollfus, Pascale. 1989. Lieu de neige et de genévriers: Organisation sociale et religieuse des communautés bouddhistes du Ladakh. Paris, Éditions du CNRS, 1989.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. A History of Modern Tibet, 1913–1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1989.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. and Kapstein, Matthew T. (eds). Buddhism in Contemporary Tibet: Religious Revival and Cultural Identity. University of California Press, 1998.
• Huber, Toni (ed.). Sacred Spaces and Powerful Places in Tibetan Culture. Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1999.
• Kapstein, Matthew T. The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism: Conversion, Contestation, and Memory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
• Kapstein, Matthew T. The Tibetans. Oxford and Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.
• Karmay, Samten G. and Watt, Jeff (eds). Bon The Magic Word: The Indigenous Religion of Tibet. New York: Rubin Museum of Art; London: Philip Wilson Publishers, 2007.
• King, Richard. Orientalism and Religion: Postcolonial Theory, India and ‘The Mystic East’. London and New York: Routledge, 1999.
• Linrothe, Rob (ed.). Holy Madness: Portraits of Tantric Siddhas. New York: Rubin Museum of Art, 2006.
• Lopez Jr., Donald S. (ed.). Curators of the Buddha: The Study of Buddhism under Colonialism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.
• Lopez Jr., Donald S. Prisoners of Shangri-La: Tibetan Buddhism and the West. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
• Ramble, Charles. The Navel of the Demoness: Tibetan Buddhism and Civil Religion in Highland Nepal. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
• Samuel, Geoffrey. Civilized Shamans: Buddhism in Tibetan Societies. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993.
• Samuel, Geoffrey. The Origins of Yoga and Tantra: Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century. London and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
• Shakabpa, W.D. Tibet: A Political History. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 1967.
• Shakya, Tsering, The Dragon in the Land of Snows: A History of Modern Tibet since 1947. New York: Columbia University Press, 1999.
• Smith, E. Gene. Among Tibetan Texts: History and Literature of the Himalayan Plateau. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001.
• Snellgrove, David L. Indo-Tibetan Buddhism: Indian Buddhists and Their Tibetan Successors. 2 vols. Boston, Shambhala, 1987.
• Snellgrove, David L. and Richardson, Hugh E. A Cultural History of Tibet. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1968.
• Stein, Rolf A. Tibetan Civilization. London: Faber, 1972.
• Tucci, Giuseppe. The Religions of Tibet, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London and University of California Press, Berkeley, 1980.

Chapter 3: Tibetan Buddhism as a path to liberation: I. Sūtra teachings

• Dalai Lama I (Gendun Drub). Bridging the Sutras and Tantras. Compiled and translated by Glenn H. Mullin. Ithaca, NY: Gabriel/Snow Lion, 1982.
• Dalai Lama II. Selected Works. Compiled, ed. and transl. by Glenn H. Mullin. NY: Snow Lion, 1985.
• Dalai Lama VII. Songs of Spiritual Change. Transl. by Glenn H. Mullin. Ithaca, NY: Gabriel/Snow Lion, 1982.
• Dudjom Rinpoche, H.H. The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: Its Fundamentals and History. Translated and edited by Gyurme Dorje and Matthew Kapstein. 2 vols. Boston, MA: Wisdom Publications, 1991.
• Guenther, Herbert V. (trans.). The Jewel Ornament of Liberation. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2001.
• Ngorchen Konchog Lhundrub. The Beautiful Ornament of the Three Visions. Singapore: Golden Vase 1987.
• Pabongka Rinpoche. Liberation in the Palm of your Hand: A Concise Discourse on the Path to Enlightenment. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2006.
• Patrul Rinpoche. The Words of My Perfect Teacher. Rev. edn. Boston: Shambhala, 1998.
• Śāntarakṣita, Bodhicaryāvatāra. Translated by Kate Crosby and Andrew Skilton. Oxford University Press, 2008
• Sherburne, Richard. A Lamp for the Path and Commentary by Atiśa. London, Allen and Unwin, 1983 [includes translation of Bodipathapradipa].
• Sopa, Geshe Lhundub and Jeffrey Hopkins. Practice and Theory of Tibetan Buddhism. London, Rider, 1976.
• Tsong-kha-pa. The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment: The Lamrim Chenmo by Tsong-kha-pa, translated by the Lamrim Chenmo Translation Committee, Joshua Cutler, Editor in Chief. 3 vols. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 2001–2.
• Wangyal, Geshe. The Door of Liberation. New York: Maurice Girodias, 1973.

Chapter 4: Tibetan Buddhism as a path to liberation: II. Tantric teachings

• Beyer, Stephan. The Cult of Tara. Magic and Ritual in Tibet. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1973.
• Cozort, Daniel. Highest Yoga Tantra. An Introduction to the Esoteric Buddhism of Tibet. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1986.
• Dalai Lama I (Gendun Drub). Bridging the Sutras and Tantras. Compiled and translated by Glenn H. Mullin. Ithaca, NY: Gabriel/Snow Lion, 1982.
• Dalai Lama II. Selected Works. Compiled, edited and translated by Glenn H. Mullin. NY: Snow Lion, 1985.
• Guenther, Herbert V. Tibetan Buddhism in Western Perspective. Emeryville, CA: Dharma Publishing, 1977.
• Hopkins, Jeffrey. Tantric Techniques. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 2008.
• Huntington, John C. and Bangdel, Dina. The Circle of Bliss: Buddhist Meditational Art. Columbus, OH: Columbus Museum of Art; London: Serindia, 2003.
• Kongtrul, Jamgon. The Torch of Certainty. Translated by Judith Hanson. Boulder and London, Shambhala, 1977.
• Kongtrul, Jamgon. Jamgon Kongtrul’s Retreat Manual. Translated by Ngawang Zangpo. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1994.
• Landaw, Jonathan and Weber, Andy. Images of Enlightenment: Tibetan Art in Practice. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1993.
• Lati Rinpoche and Jeffrey Hopkins. Death, Intermediate State and Rebirth in Tibetan Buddhism. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1985.
• Lessing, Ferdinand D. and Wayman, Alex (trans.) Mkhas grub rje’s Fundamentals of the Buddhist Tantras. The Hague and Paris, Mouton, 1968.
• Mullin, Glenn H. (trans. and ed.) The Practice of the Six Yogas of Naropa. Ithaca, NY and Boulder, CO: Snow Lion, 2006.
• Mullin, Glenn H. Death and Dying: The Tibetan Tradition. London and NY: Arkana, 1986.
• Reynolds, John Myrdhin, The Golden Letters. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion 1996.
• Ringu Tulku, The Ri-Me Philosophy of Jamgön Kongtrul the Great: A Study of the Buddhist Lineages of Tibet. Boston and London: Shambhala, 2006.
• Samuel, Geoffrey. The Origins of Yoga and Tantra: Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century. Cambridge University Press, 2008.
• Studstill, Randall. The Unity of Mystical Traditions: The Transformation of Consciousness in Tibetan and German Mysticism. Leiden: Brill, 2005.
• Thondup Rinpoche, Tulku, Buddha Mind: An Anthology of Longchen Rabjam’s Writings on Dzogpa Chenpo. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1989.
• Yuthok, Lama Choedak T. (trans.), The Triple Tantra by Panchen Ngawang Choedak. Canberra: Gorum, 1997.

Chapter 5: Tibetan Buddhism as a system of knowledge

• Adams, Vincanne, Craig, Sienna and Schrempf, Mona (eds). Medicine Between Science and Religion: Explorations on Tibetan Grounds. Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2010.
• Cabezon, José I. and R. Jackson, Roger. (ed.). Tibetan Literature: Studies in Genre. Essays in Honor of Geshe Lhundup Sopa). Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion, 1996.
• Clark, Barry. The Quintessence Tantras of Tibetan Medicine. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 1995.
• Cornu, Philippe. Tibetan Astrology. Boston: Shambhala, 1997.
• Dhonden, Yeshi. Health Through Balance: An Introduction to Tibetan Medicine. Edited and translated by Jeffrey Hopkins. Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion Publications, 1986.
• Dreyfus, Georges B. J. The Sound of Two Hands Clapping: The Education of a Tibetan Buddhist Monk. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.
• Gyatso, Desi Sangye. A Mirror of Beryl: A Historical Introduction to Tibetan Medicine. Wisdom Books, 2010.
• Gyurme Dorje (translated and comm.) Tibetan Elemental Divination Paintings: Illuminated Manuscript from the White Beryl of Sangs-rGyas Rgya-mtsho. London: John Eskenazi, 2008.
• Henning, Edward. Kālacakra and the Tibetan Calendar. New York: American Institute of Buddhist Studies, 2007.
• Kongtrul, Jamgön. The Treasury of Knowledge. Several volumes. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications. 2003 onwards.
• Parfionovitch, Yuri, Fernand Meyer and Gyurme Dorje. 1992. Tibetan Medical Paintings: Illustrations to the Blue Beryl treatise of Sangye Gyamtso (1653–1705). London: Serindia.
• Perdue, Daniel E. 1992. Debate in Tibetan Buddhism. Ithaca, NY, USA: Snow Lion Publications.
• Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltshen. A Clear Differentiation of the Three Codes. Translated by Jared Douglas Rhoton. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2002.
• Thurman, Robert A.F. ‘Tsoṅ-kha-pa’s integration of sūtra and tantra.’ In Aziz, Barbara N. and Matthew Kapstein (ed.), Soundings in Tibetan Civilization, 372–83. New Delhi, Manohar, 1985 [proceedings of 3rd Seminar of IATS].

Chapter 6: Ethics and Tibetan Buddhism

• Aris, Michael. ‘The boneless tongue: Alternative voices from Bhutan.’ Past and Present 115 (May 1987): 131–64.
• Aziz, Barbara N. ‘Jural Friends and Buddhist Teachers.’ In Adrian C. Mayer (ed.) Culture and Morality, Delhi: Oxford Univer­sity Press, 1981.
• Calkowski, Marcia ‘Contesting hierarchy: On gambling as an authoritative resource in Tibetan refugee society.’ In Charles Ramble and Martin Brauen (eds) Anthropology of Tibet and the Himalaya. Zürich: Völkerkundemuseum der Universität Zürich, 1993.
• Clark, Graham. ‘Ideas of Merit (bsod-nams), Virtue (dge-ba), Blessing (byin-rlabs) and Material Prosperity (rten-'brel) in Highland Nepal.’ J. Anthropological Soc. Oxford  21 (1990): 165–94.
• Fürer-Haimendorf, Christoph von. ‘Moral concepts in three Himalayan societies.’ In T.N. Madan and Gopala Śarana (ed.), Indian Anthropology, Bombay, 279–309, 1962.
• Fürer-Haimendorf, Christoph von. The Sherpas of Nepal: Buddhist Highlanders. London, John Murray, 1964.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. ‘Lhasa street songs: Political and social satire in traditional Tibet.’ The Tibet Journal. Vol. VII Nos. 1 & 2. Spring/Summer 1982, 56–66.
• Holmberg, David H. Order in Paradox: Myth, Ritual and Exchange Among Nepal’s Tamang. Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Press, 1989.
• Kammerer, Conrelia and  Tannenbaum, Nicola (eds). Merit and Blessing in Mainland Southeast Asia in Comparative Perspective. New haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1996.
• Kongtrul, Jamgön. The Treasury of Knowledge. Several volumes. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications. 2003 onwards.
• Levine, Nancy E. ‘Perspectives on Love: Morality and Affect in Nyinba Interpersonal Relationships.’ In Adrian C. Mayer (ed.) Culture and Morality, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1981.
• Lichter, David and Epstein, Lawrence.  ‘Irony in Tibetan Notions of the Good Life.’ In Charles F. Keyes and E. Valentine Daniel (eds) Karma: An Anthropological Inquiry. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1983.
• Mumford, Stan R. Himalayan Dialogue. Tibetan Lamas and Gurung Shamans in Nepal. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1989.
• Ngari Paṇchen Pema Wangyi Gyelpo. Perfect Conduct: Ascertaining the Three Vows. Wisdom, 1996.
• Ortner, Sherry B. Sherpas Through Their Rituals. Cambridge University Press, 1978.
• Ramble, Charles. ‘How Buddhist are Buddhist Communities? The Construction of Tradition in Two Lamaist Villages.’ Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford 21 (1990): 185–97.
• Ramble, Charles. The Navel of the Demoness: Tibetan Buddhism and Civil Religion in Highland Nepal. Oxford University Press, 2007.
• Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltshen. A Clear Differentiation of the Three Codes. Translated by Jared Douglas Rhoton. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2002.
• Scott, James C. The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.

Chapter 7: Lamas and other religious practitioners

• Aris, Michael. Bhutan. The Early History of a Himalayan Kingdom. Warminster, Aris and Phillips, 1979.
• Aziz, Barbara N. ‘Views from the monastery kitchen.’ Anima 4,1 (1977): 66–77. [Also in Kailash 4,2.]
• Aziz, Barbara N. Tibetan Frontier Families: Reflections of Three Generations from D'ing-ri. Vikas, New Delhi, 1978.
• Barron, Richard. The Autobiography of Jamgön Kongtrul: A Gem of Many Colours. Ithaca, NY & Boulder, CO:  Snow Lion Publications, 2003.
• Berglie, Per-Arne. ‘Preliminary remarks on some Tibetan “spirit-mediums” in Nepal.’ Kailash 4,1 (1976): 87–108.
• Cassinelli, C.W. and Robert B. Ekvall. A Tibetan Principality. The Political System of Sa sKya. Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1969.
• Chang, Garma C.C. (transl). The Hundred Thousand Songs of Milarepa. 2 vols. Boulder, CO and London: Shambhala, 1977.
• Day, Sophie. ‘Embodying spirits: Village oracles and possession ritual in Ladakh, North India.’ PhD thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science, 1989 [available from British Library ETHoS service].
• Dudjom Rinpoche, H.H. The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: Its Fundamentals and History. Translated and edited by Gyurme Dorje and Matthew Kapstein. 2 vols. Boston, MA: Wisdom Publications, 1991.
• Doctor, Andreas. Tibetan Treasure Literature: Revelation, Tradition and Accomplishment in Visionary Buddhism. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 2005.
• Gyaltsen, Sakyapa Sonam. The Clear Mirror: A Traditional Account of Tibet’s Golden Age. Translated by McComas Taylor and Lama Choedak Yuthok. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1996.
• Gyatso, Janet. Apparitions of the Self: The Secret Autobiographies of a Tibetan Visionary. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998.
• Hookham, Shenpen. ‘In Search of the Guru.’ In John Snelling (ed.), Sharpham Miscellany: Essays in Spirituality and Ecology. Totnes: The Sharpham Trust, 1992.
• Könchog Gyaltsen, Khenpo (transl.). The Great Kagyü Masters: The Golden Lineage Treasury.  Edited by Victoria Huckenpahler. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1990.
• Kunga Rinpoche, Lama and Cutillo, Brian (trans.). Drinking the Mountain Stream: Further Stories and Songs of Milarepa, Yogin, Poet and Teacher of Tibet. New York: Lotsawa 1978.
• Kunsang, Erik Pema (transl). The Lotus-Born: The Life Story of Padmasambhava. Boston and London: Shambhala, 1993.
• Lhalungpa, Lobsang P. (trans.). The Life of Milarepa: A New Translation from the Tibetan. Boston: Shambhala, 1977; New York: Arkana, 1984.
• Nalanda Translation Committee. The Rain of Wisdom. Boulder, CO and London: Shambhala, 1980.
• Obermiller, E. History of Buddhism (Chos-ḥbyung by Bu-ston). 2 vols. Heidelberg, in Kommission bei Otto Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1932–933.
• Ricard, Matthieu (trans.). The Life of Shabkar: The Autobiography of a Tibetan Yogin. State University of New York Press, 1994.
• Roerich, George N. The Blue Annals. 2nd edn. Delhi, Motilal Banarsidass, 1976.
• Smith, E. Gene. Among Tibetan Texts: History and Literature of the Himalayan Plateau. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001.
• Snellgrove, David L. Buddhist Himalaya. Oxford, Bruno Cassirer, 1957.
• Snellgrove, David L. Himalayan Pilgrimage. Oxford, Bruno Cassirer, 1961.
• Snellgrove, David L. Four Lamas of Dolpo. 2 vols. Oxford, Bruno Cassirer, 1967.
• Sørensen, Per K. Tibetan Buddhist Historiography: The Mirror Illuminating the Royal Genealogies. Wiesbaden, Harrassowitz Verlag, 1994.
• Stearns, Cyrus, Luminous Lives: The Story of the Early Masters of the Lam ’Bras Tradition in Tibet, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001.
• Taranatha, Jonang. The Seven Instruction Lineages. Translated and edited by David Templeman. Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 2002.
• Thondup Rinpoche, Tulku. 1986. Hidden Teachings of Tibet: An Explanation of the Terma Tradition of the Nyingma School of Buddhism. London: Wisdom, 1986.
• Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche. Blazing Splendor: The Memoirs of Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche as told to Erik Pema Kunsang and Marcia Binder Schmidt. Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe, 2005.

Chapter 8: Tibetan Buddhism as practical religion

• Beyer, Stephan. The Cult of Tara. Magic and Ritual in Tibet. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1973.
• Blezer, Henk. Kar gliṅ Źi khro: A Tantric Buddhist Concept. Leiden: Research School CNWS, 1997.
• Beyer, Stephan. The Cult of Tara. Magic and Ritual in Tibet. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973.
• Cabezón, José Ignacio (ed.). Tibetan Ritual. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
• Cuevas, Bryan J. The Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead. New York: Oxford University Press.
• DeCaroli, Robert D. Haunting the Buddha: Indian Popular Religions and the Formation of Buddhism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
• Dickman, Mike. Treasure-Trove of Protections and Blessings: The Seven Chapter Prayer of Orgyen Rinpoche. Brooklyn, NY: Cool Grove Press, 2004 [contains full translation of Dudjom’s commentary on the Barchad Kunsel].
• Dorje, Gyurme. The Tibetan Book of the Dead: First Complete Translation. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin Classics, 2007.
• Karmay, Samten G. The Arrow and the Spindle: Studies in History, Myths, Rituals and beliefs in Tibet. Volumes 1 and 2. Kathmandu: Mandala Book Point, 1998 and 2005.
• Kohn, Richard J. Lord of the Dance: The Mani Rimdu Festival in Tibet and Nepal. Albany, NJ: State University of NY Press, 2000.
• Gouin, Margaret E. Tibetan Rituals of Death: Buddhist Funerary Practices. London: Routledge, 2010.
• Kohn, Richard J. Lord of the Dance: The Mani Rimdu Festival in Tibet and Nepal. Albany, NJ: State University of NY Press, 2000.
• Lopez, Donald S., Jr. (ed.). Religions of Tibet in Practice. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997 (Princeton readings in religions series; other translations can be found in other volumes in this series, including Buddhism in Practice, 1995 (ed. Donald S. Lopez) and Tantra in Practice, 2000 (ed. David Gordon White)).
• Ortner, Sherry B. Sherpas Through Their Rituals. Cambridge University Press, 1978.
• Ramble, Charles. The Navel of the Demoness: Tibetan Buddhism and Civil Religion in Highland Nepal. Oxford University Press, 2007.
• Woolf, Marsha and Blanc, Karen. The Rainmaker: The Story of Venerable Ngagpa Yeshe Dorje Rinpoche. Boston: Sigo Press, 1994.

Chapter 9: Tibetan Buddhism and Tibetan identity

• Bernbaum, Edwin. The Way to Shambhala. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press, 1980.
• Blondeau, Anne-Marie (ed.). Tibetan Mountain Deities, their Cults and Representations. Wien: Verlag der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1998.
• Blondeau, Anne-Marie and Steinkellner, Ernst (eds). Reflections of the Mountain: Essays on the History and Social Meaning of the Mountain Cult in Tibet and the Himalaya. Wien, Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1996.
• Buffetrille, Katia and Diemberger, Hildegard (eds). Territory and Identity in Tibet and the Himalayas. Leiden: Brill, 2002.
• Buffetrille, Katia. Pèlerins, lamas et Visionnaires: Sources Orales et Écrites sure les Pèlerinages Tibétains. Wien: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien, Universität Wien, 2000.
• Carsten, Janet and Hugh-Jones, Stephen (eds). About the House: Lévi-Strauss and Beyond. New York and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
• Childs, Geoff. ‘Refuge and revitalisation: Hidden Himalayan sanctuaries (Sbas-yul) and the preservation of Tibet’s imperial lineage.’ Acta Orientalia 60 (1999): 126–158.
• David-Neel, Alexandra and Lama Yongden. The Superhuman Life of Gesar of Ling the Legendary Tibetan Hero, As Sung by the Bards of his Country. London: Rider & Co, 1933.
• Diemberger, H. ‘Beyul khenbalung, the hidden valley of the Artemisia: On Himalayan communities and their sacred landscape.’ In Macdonald, A.W. (ed.), Mandala and Landscape. D.K. Printworld, New Delhi, India. 287–334, 1997.
• Diemberger, H.  ‘Montagnes sacrées, os des ancêstres, sang maternel – le corps humain dans une communauté tibétaine du Nepal (les Khumbo).’ In  M. Godelier and  M. Panoff (eds), La production du corps. Paris: Èditions des archives contemporaines, 1998.
• Dowman, Keith. The Power-Places of Central Tibet. The Pilgrim’s Guide. London, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1988.
• Ferrari, Alfonsa. Mk’yen Brtse’s Guide to the Holy Places of Central Tibet. Roma, IsMEO, 1958.
• Gardner, Alexander. ‘The twenty-five great sites of Khams: A narrative map of an imperiled place.’ In Wim van Spengen and lama Jabb (eds), Studies in the History of Eastern Tibet. Halle: International Institute for Tibetan and Buddhist Studies.
• Gutschow, Niels, Michaels, Axel and Ramble, Charles (eds). Sacred Landscape in the Himalaya. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2003.
• Haarh, Erik. The Yarlung Dynasty. Copenhagen: G.E.C. Gad’s Forlag, 1969.
• Huber, Toni. The Cult of Pure Crystal Mountain: Popular Pilgrimage and visionary landscape in southeast Tibet. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
• Huber, Toni (ed.). Sacred Spaces and Powerful Places in Tibetan Culture. Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1999.
• Kapstein, Matthew. ‘Remarks on the Maṇi bKa’-’bum and the cult of Avalokiteśvara in Tibet.’ In Steven D. Goodman and Ronald M. Davidson (eds), Tibetan Buddhism: Reason and Revelation. Albany, NY: State University of NY Press, 1992.
• Karmay, Samten G. The Arrow and the Spindle: Studies in History, Myths, Rituals and beliefs in Tibet. [Vol.1]. Kathmandu: Mandala Book Point, 1998.
• Macdonald, Alexander W. (ed.). Mandala and Landscape. Reprinted Delhi: D.K. Printworld, 2007.
• McKay, Alex (ed.). Pilgrimage in Tibet.  Richmond, Surrey: Curzon, 1998.
• Sagant, Philippe, ‘With head held high: The house, ritual and politics in East Nepal.’ Kailash, Vol. 12, 161–222.
• Samuel, Geoffrey, ‘Ge-sar of gLing: The origins and meanings of the East Tibetan epic.’ In Geoffrey Samuel, Tantric Revisionings: New Understandings of Tibetan Buddhism and Indian Religion, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2005.
• Sardar-Afkhami, Hamid. ‘An Account of Padma-Bkod: A Hidden Land in Southeastern Tibet’, Kailash, 18 (3–4), 1–21, 1996.
• Shor, Thomas. A Step Away from Paradise: A Tibetan Lama’s Extraordinary Journey to a Land of Immortality. India: Penguin, 2011.
• Stein, R.A. L’épopée tibétaine de Gesar dans sa version lamaïque de Ling. Presses Universitaires de France, 1956.
• Wylie, Turrell V. The Geography of Tibet according to the 'Dzam-gLing-rGyas-bShad. Roma, IsMEO, 1962.
• Zangpo, Ngawang. Sacred Ground: Jamgon Kongtrul on ‘Pilgrimage and Sacred geography.’ Ithaca, NY & Boulder, CO:  Snow Lion Publications, 2001.

Chapter 10: Tibetan Buddhism, women and gender

• Allione, Tsultrim (ed.). Women of Wisdom. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1984.
• Aziz, Barbara N. Tibetan Frontier Families: Reflections of Three Generations from D'ing-ri. Vikas, New Delhi, 1978.
• Aziz, Barbara N. 1988. ‘Women in Tibetan Society and Tibetology.’ In H. Uebach and J. L. Panglung (eds) Tibetan Studies, vol.2. Munich, Bayrische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1988.
• Cabezón, José Ignacio (ed.). Buddhism, Sexuality, and Gender. Albany, NY: State University of New York, 1992.
• Campbell, June. Traveller in Space: In Search of Female Identity in Tibetan Buddhism. London: Athlone, 1996.
• Daniels, Christine. Defilement and purification: Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims at Bodhnath, Nepal. DPhil thesis, University of Oxford, 1994.
• Diemberger, Hildegard. When a Woman becomes a Religious Dynasty: The Samding Dorje Phagmo of Tibet. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.
• Ede, Yolanda van. House of Birds: A Historical Ethnography of a Tibetan Buddhist Nunnery in Nepal. University of Amsterdam, Faculteit der Maatschappij- en Gedragswetenschappen, 1999.
• Edou, Jérôme. Machig Labdrön and the Foundations of Chöd. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1995.
• Grimshaw, Anna. Servants of the Buddha: Winter in a Himalayan Convent. Cleveland, Ohio: Pilgrim Press, 1992.
• Gross, Rita M. Buddhism After Patriarchy: A Feminist History, Analysis, and Reconstruction of Buddhism. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1993.
• Gutschow, Kim. Being a Buddhist Nun: The Struggle for Enlightenment in the Himalayas. Harvard University Press, 2004.
• Gyatso, Janet and Havnevik, Hanna (eds). Women in Tibet: Past and Present. New York: Columbia University Press; London: Hurst & Company, 2005.
• Harding, Sarah (trans. and ed.). Machik’s Complete Explanation: Clarifying the Meaning of Chöd, Snow Lion Publications, 2003.
• Havnevik, Hanna.  Tibetan Buddhist Nuns: History, Cultural Norms and Social Reality. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1990.
• Klein, Anne C. Meeting the Great Bliss Queen: Buddhists, Feminists, and the Art of the Self. Boston: Beacon Press, 1994.
• Levine, Nancy E. The Dynamics of Polyandry. Kinship, Domesticity, and Population on the Tibetan Border. University of Chicago Press, 1988.
• Makley, Charlene. ‘The Body of a Nun: Nunhood and Gender in Contemporary Amdo.’ In Hanna Havnevik and Janet Gyatso (eds), Women of Tibet: Past and Present. NY: Columbia University Press, 2005.
• Makley, Charlene E. The Violence of Liberation: Gender and Tibetan Buddhist Revival in Post-Mao China. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2007.
• Ohnuma, Reiko. ‘Debt to the mother: A neglected aspect of the founding of the Buddhist Nuns’ Order,’ Journal of the American Academy of Religion Vol. 74 (2006): 861–901.
• Schaeffer, Kurtis. Himalayan Hermitess: The Life of a Tibetan Buddhist Nun. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004
• Watkins, Joanne C. Spirited Women: Gender, Religion and Cultural Identity in the Nepal Himalaya. Columbia University Press, 1996.
• Willis, Janice D. (ed.). Feminine Ground: Essays on Women and Tibet. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1989.

Chapter 11: The Bon religion of Tibet: pre-Buddhist survival or variant form of Buddhism?

• Chaoul, Alejandro. Chöd Practice in the Bön Tradition. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 2009.
• Hanna, Span. ‘Vast as the Sky: The Terma Tradition in Modern Tibet.’ In Elisabeth A. Stutchbury, Hamish Gregor and Geoffrey Samuel (eds) Tantra and Popular Religion in Tibet. New Delhi: International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 1996.
• Karmay, Samten G. The Treasury of Good Sayings: A Tibetan History of Bon. London, Oxford University Press, 1972.
• Karmay, Samten G. The Great Perfection: A Philosophical and Meditative Teaching of Tibetan Buddhism. Leiden: Brill, 1988.
• Karmay, Samten G. The Arrow and the Spindle: Studies in History, Myths, Rituals and beliefs in Tibet. Volumes 1 and 2. Kathmandu: Mandala Book Point, 1998 and 2005.
• Karmay, Samten G. and Yasuhiko Nagano. A Survey of Bonpo Monasteries and Temples in Tibet and the Himalaya. National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, 2003.
• Karmay, Samten G. and Watt, Jeff (eds). Bon: The Magic Word. The Indigenous Religion of Tibet. New York: Rubin Museum of Art; London, Philip Wilson, 2007.
• Klein, Anne and Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche, Geshe. Unbounded Wholeness: Bon, Dzogchen, and the Logic of the Nonconceptual. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
• Kvaerne, Per. The Bon Religion of Tibet: The Iconography of a Living Tradition. London: Serindia Publications, 1995.
• Martin, Dan. Unearthing Bon Treasures: Life and Contested Legacy of a Tibetan Scripture Revealer, With a General Bibliography of Bon. Leiden, Boston and Köln: Brill, 2001.
• Norbu, Namkhai. Drung, Deu and Bön: Narrations, Symbolic Languages and the Bön Tradition in Ancient Tibet. Dharamasala, India: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1991.
• Orofino, Giacomella. Sacred Tibetan Teachings on Death and Liberation. Bridport, Dorset: Prism, 1990.
• Reynolds, John Myrdhin. The Oral Tradition from Zhang-Zhung. Kathmandu: Vajra Publications, 2005.
• Shardza Tashi Gyaltsen. Heart Drops of Dharmakaya: Dzogchen Practice of the Bon Tradition. Translation and Commentary by Lopon Tenzin Namdak. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 1993.
• Snellgrove, David L. Himalayan Pilgrimage. Oxford, Bruno Cassirer, 1961.
• Snellgrove, David L. The Nine Ways of Bon: Excerpts from gZi brjid. London, Oxford University Press, 1967.
• Wangyal, Tenzin.  Wonders of the Natural Mind: The Essence of Dzogchen in the Native Bon Tradition of Tibet. Barrytown, NY: Station Hill, 1993.

Chapter 12: Tibetan Buddhism today and tomorrow

• Blondeau, Anne-Marie and Buffetrille, Katia. Authenticating Tibet: Answers to China’s 100 Questions. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 2008.
• Butterfield, Stephen T. The Double Mirror: A Skeptical Journey into Buddhist Tantra. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books, 1994.
• Dalai Lama, 14th. My Land and My People. Warner Books, 1998.
• Dodin, Thierry and Räther, Heinz. Imagining Tibet: Perceptions, Projections and Fantasies. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001.
• Dreyfus, Georges. ‘Proto-nationalism in Tibet.’ In Per Kvaerne (ed.), Tibetan Studies: Proceedings of the 6th Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, vol.1. Oslo: Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture, 1994.
• Dreyfus, Georges. ‘Tibetan religious nationalism: Western fantasy or empowering vision?’ In P. Christiaan Klieger (ed.), Tibet, Self and the Tibetan Diaspora: Voices of Difference: Proceedings of the 9th Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, Leiden 2000, 2002.
• Fields, Rick. How the Swans Came to the Lake: A Narrative History of Buddhism in America. Boston: Shambhala, 1992.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. and Kapstein, Matthew T. (eds). Buddhism in Contemporary Tibet: Religious Revival and Cultural Identity. University of California Press, 1998.
• Kapstein, Matthew (ed.). Buddhism Between Tibet and China. Boston, MA: Wisdom Publications, 2009.
• Klieger. P. Christiaan. Tibetan Nationalism. Berkeley, CA: Folklore Institute, 1992.
• Korom, Frank J. (ed.). Constructing Tibetan Culture: Contemporary Perspectives. Quebec: World Heritage Press, 1997.
• Trungpa, Chögyam. Cutting Through Spiritual Materialism. Boston: Shambhala, 1987.
• Mackenzie, Vicki. Reborn in the West: The Reincarnation Masters. London: Bloomsbury, 1995.
• Norbu, Dawa. Red Star over Tibet. London, Collins, 1974.
• Norbu, Namkhai. The Crystal and the Way of Light: Sūtra, Tantra and Dzogchen. New York and London, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986.
• Stoddard, Heather. Le mendiant de l’Amdo. Paris: Société d’ethnographie, 1986.
• Tuttle, Gray. Tibetan Buddhists in the Making of Modern China. New York: Columbia University Press, 2005.
• Yeshe, Lama. Introduction to Tantra: A Vision of Totality. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1987.