How many neurons do we have and how can we count them? This paper presents the latest view on this long-standing topic
Azevedo, F. A. C., Carvalho, L. R. B., Grinberg, L. T., Farfel, J. M., Ferretti, R. E. L., Leite, R. E. P., Jacob Filho, W., Lent, R., & Herculano-Houzel, S. (2009) Equal numbers of neuronal and nonneuronal cells make the human brain an isometrically scaled-up primate brain. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 513, 532–541.
It was once thought that we were born with our full complement of neurons. This paper reviews evidence that challenges this view
Gross, C. G. (2000). Neurogenesis in the adult brain: Death of a dogma. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 1, 67–73.
An MRI study examining the effects of sex and handedness on brain size and structure
Good, C. D., Johnsrude, I., Ashburner, J., Henson, R. N. A., Friston, K. J., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (2001). Cerebral asymmetry and the effects of sex and handedness on brain structure: A voxel-based morphometric analysis of 465 normal adult human brains. NeuroImage, 14, 685–700.