Students
Chapter 1
Crime, Deviance, and Criminology: A Brief Overview
KEY QUESTIONS
- How do we define crime?
- What is deviance?
- When is crime deviant and deviant behavior criminal?
- What is criminology?
- Does the popular image of crime measure up to reality?
- How does criminology guide our study of crime?
- How does criminology influence social policy?
Useful Web Page Links
www.aacap.org/Default.aspx
www.aclu.org
www.ncjrs.gov
www.cybrary.info
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
Crime, Deviance, and Social Control.
Crime: The story of 3 girls who were kidnapped and kept captive for over 10 years!.
In Post-Revolution Egypt, Fears of Police Abuse Deepening.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Blumstein, A. (1994). Interaction of criminological research and public policy. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 12(4), 349–361.
Dowler, K., Fleming, T., and Muzzatti, S.L. (2016). Constructing crime: Media, crime, and popular culture. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 48(6), 837–850.
Eisler, L. and Sanders, C. (2015). Engaging and Debating the Role of Public Criminology: Introduction to this Special Issue. Radical Criminology, 5, 13–20.
Hough, M., Bradford, B., Jackson, J., and Quinton, P. (2016). Does Legitimacy Necessarily Tame Power? Some Ethical Issues in Translating Procedural Justice Principles into Justice Policy. Some Ethical Issues in Translating Procedural Justice Principles into Justice Policy,May 24.
Nagin, D.S. and Weisburd, D. (2013). Evidence and public policy. Criminology & Public Policy, 12(4), 651–679.
News or Magazine Articles
Madhani, A. and Bacon, J. (2016) Judge sentences Hastert to 15 months. USA Today, April 29. Available online at www.usatoday.com/story/news/2016/04/27/ex-speaker-dennis-hastert-faces-sentencing-chicago/83584440.
Simmons, R. (2016) How we fund our Criminal Justice System. The Huffington Post, July 12. Available online at www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/how-we-fund-our-criminal_b_10949090.
Chapter 2
Criminal Law
KEY QUESTIONS
- What are the origins of U.S. law?
- What are the connections between criminology, criminal justice, and criminal law?
- What are the differences between substantive and procedural criminal law?
- What are the differences between criminal and civil law?
- What key principles determine what makes an act a crime in the United States?
- What theories explain the development of criminal law?
- What role have sexism and racism played in the development of U.S. criminal law?
Useful Web Page Links
| American Bar Association (ABA) | www.americanbar.org/aba.html | Website |
| Law School Admissions Council (LSAC) | www.lsac.org | Website |
| Criminal Law Practioner Journal | www.crimlawpractitioner.com | Website |
| American Criminal Law Review Journal | www.americancriminallawreview.com | Website |
| United States Federal Criminal Code, Title 18 | www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2009-title18/html/USCODE-2009-title18.htm | Website and document |
| John Oliver, Municipal Violations | www.youtube.com/watch?v=0UjpmT5noto | Video link |
| John Oliver, Public Defenders | www.youtube.com/watch?v=USkEzLuzmZ4 | Video link |
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Chambliss, W.J. (1964). A Sociological Analysis of the Law of Vagrancy. Social Problems 12(1), 67–77. Available online at http://socpro.oxfordjournals.org/content/12/1/67.
Sommers, S.R. and Marotta, S.A. (2014). Racial Disparities in Legal Outcomes. Policy insights from the behavioral and brain sciences 1(1), 103–111. Available online at http://bbs.sagepub.com/content/1/1/103.abstract.
News or Magazine Articles
Epps, G. (2014). Too Vague to be Constitutional. The Atlantic, April 17. Available online at www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/04/too-vague-to-be-constitutional/390762.
Chammah, M. (2016). Do Public Defenders Spend Less Time on Black Clients? The Marshall Project, May 2. Available online at www.themarshallproject.org/2016/05/02/do-public-defenders-spend-less-time-on-black-clients?ref=collections#.9alwPr70L.
Cohen, A. (2016). The Death Penalty Case Where Prosecutors Wrote the Judge’s “Opinion”. The Marshall Project, June 19. https://www.themarshallproject.org/2016/06/19/the-death-penalty-case-where-prosecutors-wrote-the-judge-s-opinion.
Chapter 3
How Much Crime is There?
KEY QUESTIONS
- Where do we get our information about crime?
- What picture of crime do official data sources give us?
- Is there a typical criminal?
- Are there certain crime trends or patterns of offending?
- Who are crime victims and what do they have in common?
Useful Web Page Links
www.ncjrs.gov/html/ojjdp/yv_2002_2_1/contents.html
www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=tp&tid=9
www.childtrends.org
www.aau.edu
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
The BTK Killer – Dennis Rader. www.youtube.com/watch?v=9HHTpScEW7Y.
Crossfire: The politics of gun rights and gun control – the fifth estate. www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9wKQrXBY7g
Black men in America: Media Images. www.youtube.com/watch?v=yveGB1VGGB8.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Chermak, S.M., Freilich, J.D., Parkin, W.S., and Lynch, J.P. (2012). American terrorism and extremist crime data sources and selectivity bias: An investigation focusing on homicide events committed by far-right extremists. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 28(1), 191–218.
Sweeten, G., Piquero, A.R., and Steinberg, L. (2013). Age and the explanation of crime, revisited. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(6), 921–938.
News or Magazine Articles
Friedman, B. (2016). The problem with modern policing as seen from the right and the left. The New York Times, June 27. Available online at www.nytimes.com/2016/07/03/books/review/the-war-on-cops-by-heather-mac-donald-and-handcuffed-by-malcolm-sparrow.html?_r=0.
Webster, R.A. (2016). “Ferguson effect” behind increase in murders in U.S. cities, study finds. The Times-Picayune, June 21. Available online at www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2016/06/ferguson_effect_behind_increas.html.
Chapter 4
Doing Criminology: Research and Theory
KEY QUESTIONS
- How is criminology scientific?
- How do scientific theories help us understand the real world?
- What makes a theory “good”?
- What are the various research methods that help us do criminological research?
- Are there specific stages to follow when conducting scientific research?
- When do we have to consider issues of privacy and confidentiality in our research?
- How does research guide criminal justice policy?
Useful Web Page Links
www.acjs.org
http://expcrim.org
http://asc41.com
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
Heroin Epidemic Documentary – America's Worst Crisis & Prevention Solutions. www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1M-nzrT998.
Quantitative v. Qualitative Research. www.youtube.com/watch?v=2X-QSU6-hPU.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Collins, J. (2013). Moral panics, governmentality and the media: A comparative approach to the analysis of illegal drug use in the news. Moral panics in the contemporary world, 125–143.
Eisler, L. and Sanders, C. (2015). Engaging and Debating the Role of Public Criminology: Introduction to this Special Issue. Radical Criminology, 5, 13–20.
Telep, C.W. (2015). B.C. Welsh, A.A. Braga, and G.J.N. Bruinsma (ed.), Experimental criminology: prospects for advancing science and public policy. Crime, Law and Social Change, 64(1), 61–63.
News or Magazine Articles
Moral Panics, Crime and Punishment. The Socialist Worker. Available online at https://socialistworker.co.uk/art/2111/Moral+panics%2C+crime+and+punishment.
Pozniak, A. (2016). Media Portrayal of Drugs. ABC News, February 25. http://abcnews.go.com/Health/story?id=116947&page=1.
Chapter 6
Law Enforcement in America
KEY QUESTIONS
- What is the law enforcement mission?
- What are the four unique aspects of the law enforcement role?
- What types of law enforcement agencies exist?
- How do the COP and POP law enforcement strategies differ from traditional law enforcement?
- What are three ways the law enforcement-citizen relationship can be strengthened and improved?
Useful Web Page Links
| Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) | www.fbi.gov | Main page for the FBI, America’s most powerful law enforcement agency |
| Drug Enforcement Agency | www.dea.gov/index.shtml | Main page for the Drug Enforcement Agency |
| U.S. Marshals Service | www.usmarshals.gov | Main page for the U.S. Marshals Service |
| Department of Homeland Security | www.dhs.gov | Main page for the Department of Homeland Security |
| Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives | www.atf.gov | Main page for the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives |
| U.S. Border Patrol | www.cbp.gov/border-security/along-us-borders/overview | Main page for the U.S. Border Patrol |
| U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement | www.ice.gov | Main page for Immigration and Customs Enforcement |
| U.S. Secret Service | www.secretservice.gov | Main page for the United States Secret Service |
| The Marshall Project | www.themarshallproject.org/#.jaMIiqyDx | Main website for the nonpartisan, nonprofit news organization, which seeks to create and sustain a sense of national urgency about the U.S. criminal justice system |
| United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) | www.unodc.org | Main page for the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, whose primary mission is to assist U.N. member states in their struggle against illicit drugs, crime, and terrorism. |
| Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Report Program (FBI UCR) | www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/ucr | Main website for the FBI UCR data collection program. Here you can find official government data on crimes known or reported to police agencies in the U.S., as well as information on arrests. |
| Center for Problem-Oriented Policing | www.popcenter.org/about/?p=whatiscpop | Main page for the Center for Problem-Oriented Policing, containing lots of info on COP and POP. |
| Inside Zero-Tolerance Policing in Los Angeles, a Peter Jennings Report. | Link 1. www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyt_J03b_ro Link 2. www.youtube.com/watch?v=46rG3ypOph0 Link 3. www.youtube.com/watch?v=FucrApdpLA0 Link 4. www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGv7WhGzATQ |
A four-part video series going inside policing in Los Angeles. Video links. |
| DOJ and DEA Opioid Addiction Film, Chasing the Dragon | www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2016/february/raising-awareness-of-opioid-addiction | Video link |
| John Oliver, 911 System | www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-XlyB_QQYs | Video link |
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Goldstein, H. (1987). Toward Community-Oriented Policing: Potential, Basic Requirements, and Threshold Questions. Crime & Delinquency, 33(1), 6–30. Available online at http://cad.sagepub.com/content/33/1/6.short.
Herbert, S. (1998). Police Subculture Revisited. Criminology, 36, 343. Available online at http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/crim36&div=23&id=&page=.
News or Magazine Articles
Fagan, J. and Harcourt, B.E. (2014). The New New Policing. The Marshall Project, December 19. Available online at www.themarshallproject.org/2014/12/19/the-new-new-policing?ref=collections#.UbUgYohuU.
Serpico, F. (2014). The Police are still out of control. Available online at www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/10/the-police-are-still-out-of-control-112160.
Weichselbaum, M. (2015). Policing the Police. The Marshall Project, May 26. Available online at www.themarshallproject.org/2015/04/23/policing-the-police?ref=collections#.TjdehJS7E.
Chapter 7
Courts
KEY QUESTIONS
- What functions do American courts serve?
- What is a plea bargain and what role does it play in the court system?
- When can you claim self-defense?
- How do Pre-Sentence Investigative Reports and Victim Impact Statements impact sentencing?
- What are the key differences between jury tampering and jury nullification?
Useful Web Page Links
| The United States Supreme Court | www.supremecourt.gov | Main website for the United States Supreme Court (SCOTUS) |
| SCOTUS Blog | www.scotusblog.com | A nice blog where recent Supreme Court rulings are discussed in an easy-to-digest manner |
| U.S. Federal Courts | www.uscourts.gov | Main page for the U.S. federal court system. |
| U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) | www.justice.gov | Main website for the U.S. Department of Justice |
| John Oliver, Municipal Violations | www.youtube.com/watch?v=poL7l-Uk3I8 | Video link |
| John Oliver, Public Defenders | www.youtube.com/watch?v=USkEzLuzmZ4 | Video link |
| John Oliver, Bail | www.youtube.com/watch?v=IS5mwymTIJU | Video link |
| John Oliver, Elected Judges | www.youtube.com/watch?v=poL7l-Uk3I8 | Video link |
| John Oliver, U.S. Supreme Court | www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJ9prhPV2PI | Video link |
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Mustard, D.B. (2001). Racial, Ethnic and Gender Disparities in Sentencing: Evidence from the U.S. Federal Courts. Journal of Law and Economics, XLIV, April. Available online at http://people.terry.uga.edu/mustard/sentencing.pdf.
Piehl, A. and Bushway, S. (2007). Measuring and Explaining Charge Bargaining. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 23, 105–125.Available online at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10940-006-9023-x.
Weinstein, J.B. (1992). Considering Jury Nullification: When May and Should a Jury Reject the Law to Do Justice? American Criminal Law Review, 30, 239. Available online at http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/amcrimlr30&div=15&id=&page=.
News or Magazine Articles
Gerstein, J. (2014). Feds Warn of Jury Tampering in Detroit. Politico, October 5. Available online at www.politico.com/blogs/under-the-radar/2014/10/feds-warn-of-jury-tampering-in-detroit-196591.html.
Palazzolo, J. (2015). In Federal Courts, the Civil Cases Pile Up. The Wall Street Journal, April 6. Available online at www.wsj.com/articles/in-federal-courts-civil-cases-pile-up-1428343746.
Sitomer, C.J. (1984). The litigation explosion: how courts can relieve overloaded dockets. Christian Science Monitor, November 8. Available online at www.csmonitor.com/1984/1108/110808.html.
Chapter 8
American Corrections
KEY QUESTIONS
- What are the major punishment philosophies and corresponding correctional models?
Useful Web Page Links
| Name | Source | Type | Description |
| The Geography of Incarceration | http://prisonmap.com | Visual Data | Visual data artist Josh Begley has compiled over 600 satellite images of American correctional facilities, providing a glimpse at the impact of mass incarceration on the American landscape |
| John Oliver, Prison | www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Pz3syET3DY | Video link | Comedian John Oliver provides a very articulate overview of the current state of American corrections |
| Convict Leasing | www.pbs.org/tpt/slavery-by-another-name/watch/ | Video link | A link to the full PBS documentary on the convict leasing system in the southern United States |
| Criminal Record, Incarceration and Employment | www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/living-record-past-crimes-driving-job-seekers-poverty/ | Video link | Watch this short video that documents that life-long impact that being arrested has on the ordinary citizen |
| Neglect in American Jails | http://abc13.com/news/criminal-investigation-into-harris-co-jail-cell/329850/ | Video link | This news report documents a serious case of neglect and a variety of constitutional rights violations that occurred at the Harris County, TX, jail, one of the nation’s largest |
| Racial Profiling | www.npr.org/2014/12/14/370792960/taking-on-racial-profiling-with-data | Audio link | |
| Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) | www.bjs.gov | Web link | Website where official U.S. government information on crime, criminal offenders, victims of crime, and the operation of justice systems at all levels of government are hosted |
| John Oliver, Prisoner Reentry | www.youtube.com/watch?v=gJtYRxH5G2k | Video link | |
| John Oliver, Mandatory Minimums | www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDVmldTurqk | Video link | |
| International Centre for Prison Studies | www.prisonstudies.org | Web link | |
| Prison Policy Institute | www.prisonpolicy.org | Web link | |
| The Sentencing Project | www.sentencingproject.org | Web link | |
| Death Penalty Information Center (DPIC) | www.deathpenaltyinfo.org | Web link | |
| The Innocence Project | www.innocenceproject.org | Web link |
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Center for Constitutional Rights (2009). Racial Disparity in NYPD Stops and Frisks. Available online at http://ccrjustice.org/home/get-involved/tools-resources/publications/report-racial-disparity-nypd-stop-and-frisks.
Irwin, J. and Cressey, D. (1962). Thieves, convicts, and the inmate subculture. Social Problems,54, 590–603.
Mancini, M.J. (1978). Race, Economics and the Abandonment of Convict Leasing. The Journal of Negro History, 63(4), 339–352.
News or Magazine Articles
Bever, L. (2014). It took 10 minutes to convict 14-year-old George Stinney Jr. It took 70 years after his execution to exonerate him. The Washington Post, December 18. Available online at www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/12/18/the-rush-job-conviction-of-14-year-old-george-stinney-exonerated-70-years-after-execution.
Brambila, N.C. (2016). Penn State Researchers Analyze Death Penalty Findings. Berks and Beyond,June 26. Available online at www.readingeagle.com/news/article/penn-state-researchers-analyze-death-penalty-findings.
Ford, M. (2015). America’s Largest Mental Health Hospital is a Jail. The Atlantic Monthly,June 8. Available online at www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/06/americas-largest-mental-hospital-is-a-jail/395012.
Gillespie, L. (2016). When Your Job Is to Help Free a Wrongfully Convicted Murderer. The Marshall Project,May 26. Available online at www.themarshallproject.org/2016/05/26/when-your-job-is-to-help-free-a-wrongfully-convicted-murderer.
Hale, B. (2009). The 222 Victorian crimes that would get a man hanged. The Daily Mail,August 2. Available online at www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1203828/The-222-Victorian-crimes-man-hanged.html.
Shourd, S. (2011). Tortured by Solitude. The New York Times,November 5. www.nytimes.com/2011/11/06/opinion/sunday/in-an-iranian-prison-tortured-by-solitude.html?_r=0.
Solotaroff, P. (2015). Why is this man still in jail? Rolling Stone Magazine,March 2. Available online at www.rollingstone.com/culture/features/why-is-this-man-still-in-jail-tony-wright-philadelphia-20150302.
Wood, G. (2014). How Gangs Took Over Prisons. The Atlantic Monthly, October. Available online at www.theatlantic.com/features/archive/2014/09/how-gangs-took-over-prisons/379330.
Chapter 9
Crime as Rational Behavior: Classical and Rational Choice Theory
KEY QUESTIONS
- How did people explain criminal behavior in the past?
- In what ways did the Enlightenment change society’s view of crime?
- What does classical theory tell us about why people break the law?
- Do individuals actually choose to engage in criminal activities?
- How did rational choice theory expand our understanding of crime causation?
- Does crime always make sense?
- What are the policy implications of classical and rational choice theories?
Useful Web Page Links
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/enlightenment
www.popcenter.org
www.ncpa.org
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
Death by Deceit: The Killing of Dee Dee Blancharde. www.youtube.com/watch?v=m-vAULS1-uI.
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ni8Sz4ttSdg.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Eck, J.E. and Weisburd, D.L. (2015). Crime places in crime theory. Crime and place: Crime prevention studies, 4.
Freilich, J.D. (2014). Beccaria and Situational Crime Prevention. Criminal Justice Review, 0734016814550815.
Kroneberg, C. and Kalter, F. (2012). Rational choice theory and empirical research: Methodological and theoretical contributions in Europe. Annual Review of Sociology, 38, 73–92.
Van Gelder, J.L. (2013). Beyond rational choice: The hot/cool perspective of criminal decision making. Psychology, Crime & Law, 19(9), 745–763.
News or Magazine Articles
Keegan, H. (2016). A year later, sheriff says he's still learning about Gypsy Blanchard case. Springfield News Leader, June 14. Available online at www.news-leader.com/story/news/crime/2016/06/14/year-later-sheriff-says-hes-still-learning-gypsy-blanchard-case/85523994.
Leefeldt, E. (2016). Mass shootings have insurers going on offense. CBS News, June 28. www.cbsnews.com/news/mass-shootings-have-insurers-going-on-offense.
Steffanoni, J. (2014). Tough on crime needs a tough rethink. Lawyers Weekly, January 14. www.lawyersweekly.com.au/opinion/15027-tough-on-crime-needs-tough-rethink.
Chapter 10
Biological Theories: Crime Is in the Brain
KEY QUESTIONS
- What are the basic assumptions of biological theories of criminal behavior?
- Are certain physical features or body types related to criminality?
- Do certain chemicals in the body make people more aggressive?
- Could problems in the brain lead someone to commit murder?
- Can criminal tendencies be passed from generation to generation?
- If crime is in the brain, how do we respond to criminal behavior?
Useful Web Page Links
www.phrenology.com/index.html
www.cognitivecentre.ca/neurocrimino
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
Biological Roots of Crime with Adrien Raine. www.youtube.com/watch?v=oLXr_slKg08.
Origins of Human Aggression. www.youtube.com/watch?v=BelCtlekuik.
The Twinkie Defence Explained. www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTJXY7WlpZ8.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Azurmendi, A., Pascual‐Sagastizabal, E., Vergara, A.I., Muñoz, J.M., Braza, P., Carreras, R., and Sánchez‐Martín, J.R. (2016). Developmental trajectories of aggressive behavior in children from ages 8 to 10: The role of sex and hormones. American Journal of Human Biology, 28(1), 90–97.
Farahany, N.A. (2016). Neuroscience and behavioral genetics in US criminal law: an empirical analysis. Journal of Law and the Biosciences, 2(3), 485–509.
Jackson, D.B. (2016). The link between poor quality nutrition and childhood antisocial behavior: A genetically informative analysis. Journal of Criminal Justice, 44, 13–20.
Jorgensen, C., Anderson, N.E., and Barnes, J.C. (2016). Bad Brains: Crime and Drug Abuse from a Neurocriminological Perspective. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 41(1), 47–69.
News or Magazine Articles
Drum, K. (2014). Lead and Crime: It’s a Brain Thing. Mother Jones, February 3. Available online at www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2014/02/lead-and-crime-its-brain-thing.
Nauert, R. (2015). Digging into Biological, Environmental Roots of Anti-Social Behavior. Psych Central, October 6. Available online at http://psychcentral.com/news/2012/02/22/digging-into-biological-environmental-roots-of-antisocial-behavior/35129.html.
Raine, A. (2013). The Criminal Mind. The Wall Street Journal, April 26. Available online at www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323335404578444682892520530.
Chapter 11
Psychological Theories: Crime is in the Mind
KEY QUESTIONS
- How does a diseased mind affect the way we think and act?
- Is criminal behavior related to a defect in personality?
- Do crime and delinquency stem from the inability to control certain impulses?
- Is crime a symptom of mental illness?
- What happens when we process information incorrectly?
- Do some individuals imitate aggressive behavior?
- How is crime rewarding to some people?
- If crime is in the mind, what can we do to prevent it?
Useful Web Page Links
www.apa.org
www.psychiatry.org
www.nimh.nih.gov/index.shtml
www.psymeet.com/psymeet/index.shtml
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
Mind of a Psychopath. www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8o-5_Mx_f4.
Psychology of Serial Killers. www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1r0viWd5Fk.
Jeffrey Dahmer’s Last Interview: www.youtube.com/watch?v=sm6yAnov4O8.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Aggarwal, A., Vaish, S., Sharma, D.K., Sushil, C.S., Usman, N., and Sudarsanan, S. (2015). A study of personality profile and criminal behavior in substance abusers. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 24(1), 35.
Megreya, A.M. (2015). Emotional intelligence and criminal behavior. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 60(1), 84–88.
Schulz, S. (2015). “Don’t Blow Your Cool”: Provocation, Violent Coping, and the Conditioning Effects of Self-Control. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 1–27.
Walters, G.D. (2016). Crime continuity and psychological inertia: Testing the cognitive mediation and additive postulates with male adjudicated delinquents. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 32(2), 237–252.
News or Magazine Articles
Hills, S. and Edwards, A. (2013). Sealed forever: Cellar in Austria where Josef Fritzl kept his daughter as his sex slave for 24 years filled with 200 tons of cement. The Daily Mail, July 6. Available online at www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2356748/Cellar-Josef-Fritzl-kept-daughter-sex-slave-24-years-filled-200-tons-cement.html.
Maylie, D. (2015). Violent media and real-world behaviour: Historical data and recent trends. Journalist’s Resource, February 18. Available online at http://journalistsresource.org/studies/society/culture/violent-media-real-world-behavior-historical-data-recent-trends.
Pugh, J. (2016). Why Is Chemical Castration Being Used on Sex Offenders in Some Countries? Civil Liberties, June 20. Available online at www.alternet.org/civil-liberties/why-chemical-castration-being-used-sex-offenders-some-countries.
Chapter 12
Sociological Theory: Crime is in the Structure of Society
KEY QUESTIONS
- How do criminologists explain trends and variations in criminal behavior?
- Where does the sociological approach search for the cause of crime?
- What is the social structure and how does it affect our behavior?
- Are certain places more conducive to crime than others?
- Can certain types of frustrations lead to crime?
- Do all subcultures go against the dominant norms of society?
- If crime is acquired behavior, what can we change about the social structure to prevent it?
Useful Web Page Links
www.social-ecology.org
www.geographicprofiling.com/index.html
www.chicagoareaproject.org
www.asanet.org
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
The Truth about the May 17, 2015 Shooting Tragedy at Twin Peaks Restaurant in Waco, TX. www.youtube.com/watch?v=2i1-Bztyim4.
Understanding Neighbourhoods. www.youtube.com/watch?v=octMMMia3yI.
One Minute Strain Theory. www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCuGJB1f8gQ.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Ferraro, V. (2016). Immigration and Crime in the New Destinations, 2000–2007: A Test of the Disorganizing Effect of Migration. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 32(1), 23–45.
Kim, S., LaGrange, R.L., and Willis, C.L. (2013). Place and Crime Integrating Sociology of Place and Environmental Criminology. Urban Affairs Review, 49(1), 141–155.
Leclerc, B., Chiu, Y.N., and Cale, J. (2016). Sexual Violence and Abuse Against Children: A First Review Through the Lens of Environmental Criminology. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 60(7), 743–765.
Snyder, S.M., Hartinger-Saunders, R., Brezina, T., Beck, E., Wright, E.R., Forge, N., and Bride, B.E. (2016). Homeless youth, strain, and justice system involvement: An application of general strain theory. Children and Youth Services Review, 62, 90–96.
News or Magazine Articles
Dudley, P. (2016). Salinas POA calling for new plan to combat crime rate. News Channel 5, July 6. Available online at www.kionrightnow.com/news/local-news/salinas-poa-calling-for-new-plan-to-combat-crime-rate/40386324.
McLaughlin, E.C. and Yan, H. (2015). Officers warned about more bikers heading to Texas after brawl. CNN News. Available online at www.cnn.com/2015/05/18/us/texas-biker-gang-brawl-shooting/index.html.
Moser, W. (2014). Why crime is so high in certain Chicago neighbourhoods. Politics and City Life, August 6. Available online at www.chicagomag.com/city-life/August-2014/What-Correlates-With-Crime-in-Chicago-Pt-2.
Chapter 13
Social Process Theories - Crime Is Socialized Behavior
KEY QUESTIONS
- What is the social process approach?
- How are we socialized?
- Do individuals learn to become criminal? If so, who are their teachers?
- What do social learning, social control and labeling theories tell us about the specific mechanisms by which individuals learn crime?
- Does the social process approach tell us everything we need to know about crime?
- How do social process theories guide our understanding of criminal justice policy?
Useful Web Page Links
www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ohs
http://youth.gov/youth-topics/juvenile-justice/diversion-programs
www.schoolsafety.us
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
Dr. Kent Hovind - Current Events - Gunman Chris Harper Mercer, Winchester, Oregon. www.youtube.com/watch?v=TC0xOzxx2pE.
The Final Report Columbine Massacre 2007 Full Documentary. www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6km_hQrMHs.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Jennings, W.G., Higgins, G.E., Akers, R.L., Khey, D.N., and Dobrow, J. (2013). Examining the influence of delinquent peer association on the stability of self-control in late childhood and early adolescence: Toward an integrated theoretical model. Deviant Behavior, 34(5), 407–422.
Kennedy, J.P. (2015). Losing Control: A Test of Containment Theory and Ethical Decision Making. International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences, 10(1), 48.
Moore, K.E., Stuewig, J.B., and Tangney, J. P. (2016). The Effect of Stigma on Criminal Offenders’ Functioning: A Longitudinal Mediational Model. Deviant Behavior, 37(2), 196–218.
Restivo, E. and Lanier, M.M. (2015). Measuring the contextual effects and mitigating factors of labeling theory. Justice Quarterly, 32(1), 116–141.
Sweeten, G., Piquero, A.R., and Steinberg, L. (2013). Age and the explanation of crime, revisited. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(6), 921–938.
Walters, G.D. (2015). Proactive Criminal Thinking and the Transmission of Differential Association: A Cross-Lagged Multi-Wave Path Analysis. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 42(11), 1128–1144.
News or Magazine Articles
Mai-Due, C. (2015). Gun-obsessed, timid and his mom called him 'baby': What we know of Chris Harper-Mercer's life. Los Angeles Times, October 2.
Available online at www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-chris-harper-mercer-oregon-shooting-20151002-htmlstory.html.
Yam, K. (2016). Veterans Mentor Chicago’s At-Risk Youth, Help Them Cope with Trauma. The Huffington Post, July 6. Available online at www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/veterans-mentor-chicagos-at-risk-youth-help-them-cope-with-trauma_us_577bc61be4b041646410a3fd.
Chapter 14
Sociological Theory: Crime Comes from Conflict Inherent to Society
KEY QUESTIONS
- How does conflict theory describe the social order?
- What is the relationship between power, politics and the economy?
- Does conflict lead to crime?
- Is it possible that the criminal justice system perpetuates human suffering?
- Why is there a huge gap in crime statistics between men and women?
- Where do contradictions in the social structure come from?
- Can radical criminology offer a peaceful solution to crime?
Useful Web Page Links
www.critcrim.org
http://restorativejustice.org
http://inequality.cornell.edu
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
Crime, Corruption and Capitalism – The Crisis of the Bourgeoisie State. www.youtube.com/watch?v=NfeRcixLut0.
Racist McKinney Cops Target and Brutalize Black Teens at Pool Party. www.youtube.com/watch?v=teP6ZMQFDSA.
Recovering from Crime – Restorative Justice in Action. www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUyzjeOrwnw.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Estrada, F., Bäckman, O., and Nilsson, A. (2015). The Darker Side of Equality? The Declining Gender Gap in Crime: Historical Trends and an Enhanced Analysis of Staggered Birth Cohorts. British Journal of Criminology, azv114.
McClanahan, B. and Brisman, A. (2015). Climate Change and Peacemaking Criminology: Ecophilosophy, Peace and Security in the “War on Climate Change”. Critical Criminology, 23(4), 417–431.
Sherman, L.W., Strang, H., Mayo-Wilson, E., Woods, D.J., and Ariel, B. (2015). Are restorative justice conferences effective in reducing repeat offending? Findings from a Campbell systematic review. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 31(1), 1–24.
Valcore, J.L. and Dodge, M. (2016). How Hate Crime Legislation Shapes Gay and Lesbian Target Groups: An Analysis of Social Construction, Law, and Policy. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 0887403416651924.
News or Magazine Articles
Arp, J. (2016). Restorative justice program aims to divert young offenders. Channel 3000.com, July 1. Available online at www.channel3000.com/news/Restorative-justice-program-aims-to-divert-young-offenders/40318968.
Bisaro, A. (2016). New Haven police chief: City could help teach community policing in wake of national tensions. New Haven Register, July 11. Available online at www.nhregister.com/general-news/20160711/new-haven-police-chief-city-could-help-teach-community-policing-in-wake-of-national-tensions.
Romney, L. (2014). What kind of prison might the inmates design? The Los Angeles Times, August 18. Available online at www.latimes.com/local/great-reads.
Chapter 15
Interpersonal Crimes of Violence
KEY QUESTIONS
- What is criminal homicide?
- Why do people kill?
- What constitutes an assault?
- Does assault occur more often between strangers or acquaintances?
- Is rape a sexual act?
- Why is robbery a violent crime?
- What is the motive behind stealing by force?
- What are hate crimes?
Useful Web Page Links
http://victimsofcrime.org
www.ovw.usdoj.gov
www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=tp&tid=31
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
Violence against women – it’s a men’s issue. www.youtube.com/watch?v=KTvSfeCRxe8.
With killings on the rise in Chicago, police are putting their hands up. www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tc_AsiZB1H4.
Sexual assault on U.S. campuses. www.youtube.com/watch?v=cd44NOhzgb8.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Corsaro, N., Frank, J., and Ozer, M. (2015). Perceptions of police practice, cynicism of police performance, and persistent neighborhood violence: An intersecting relationship. Journal of Criminal Justice, 43(1), 1–11.
Foshee, V.A., Dixon, K.S., Ennett, S.T., Moracco, K.E., Bowling, J.M., Chang, L.Y., and Moss, J.L. (2015). The process of adapting a universal dating abuse prevention program to adolescents exposed to domestic violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(12), 2151–2173.
Levy, B.L. and Levy, D.L. (2016). When love meets hate: The relationship between state policies on gay and lesbian rights and hate crime incidence. Social Science Research.
Morris, P.K. and Maguire, E.R. (2015). political culture, neighbourhood structure and homicide in urban Jamaica. British Journal of Criminology, azv073.
Yau, R.K., Casteel, C., Nocera, M., Bishop, S.F., and Peek-Asa, C. (2015). Does employee resistance during a robbery increase the risk of customer injury? Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 57(4), 417–420.
News or Magazine Articles
Fantz, A. (2016). Outrage over 6-month sentence for Brock Turner in Stanford rape case. CNN News, June 7. Available online at www.cnn.com/2016/06/06/us/sexual-assault-brock-turner-stanford/index.html.
CNA Daily News (2016). You probably know someone who’s been domestically abused. CNA Daily News, July 12. Available online at www.patheos.com/blogs/catholicnews/2016/07/you-probably-know-someone-whos-been-domestically-abused/?ref_widget=trending&ref_blog=standingonmyhead&ref_post=baptism-now-saves-you.
Johnson, A. (2016). Mass. bill would extend hate-crime protections to police officers. Boston Globe, July 12. Available online at www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2016/07/11/bill-would-extend-hate-crime-protections-police-officers/wf5SsibyMGr3W49MnWPhgM/story.html.
Chapter 16
Crimes Against Property
KEY QUESTIONS
- How do we categorize larceny theft?
- Why do people steal?
- In what ways is burglary different from robbery?
- What are the characteristics of burglary?
- Who steals cars and why do they do it?
- Are all fire setters the same?
Useful Web Page Links
www.idtheftcenter.org
www.usfa.fema.gov/index.html
www.crimedoctor.com/retail-loss-prevention.htm
www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/privacy-and-security/red-flags-rule
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
When half a billion dollars' worth of art vanished. www.youtube.com/watch?v=WTbhFNXFyJ0.
Secrets of the scammers. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ViVsIwT8rzg.
Arson expert talks about the six signs of arson. www.youtube.com/watch?v=jYaLO-BlTSU.
Bernie Madoff: Scamming of America—The $50 Billion Ponzi Scheme. www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2nX3FdRyR0.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Brown, R. (2015). Explaining the property crime drop: The offender perspective. Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, 495, 1.
Lantz, B. and Ruback, R.B. (2015). A networked boost burglary co-offending and repeat victimization using a network approach. Crime & Delinquency, 0011128715597695.
Uhnoo, S. (2016). Starting a fire together: The dynamics of co-offending in juvenile arson. European Journal of Criminology, 13(3), 315–331.
Whitty, M.T. and Buchanan, T. (2016). The online dating romance scam: The psychological impact on victims–both financial and non-financial. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 16(2), 176–194.
News or Magazine Articles
Associated Press (2016). Congresswoman charged with fraud in charity scam. New York Post, July 8. Available online at http://nypost.com/2016/07/08/congresswoman-charged-with-fraud-in-charity-scam.
Reuters (2016) Pawn shop burglary linked to “threat” against Baton Rouge police chief. Reuters, July 12. Available online at www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-police-batonrouge-idUSKCN0ZS2TF.
Schoenfeld, A. (2016). Arrest made in commercial fire that Prospect mayor called in after police determine it’s arson. FOX61, July 7. Available online at http://fox61.com/2016/07/07/arrest-made-in-commercial-fire-that-prospect-mayor-called-in-after-police-determine-its-arson.
Chapter 17
Public Order Crimes
KEY QUESTIONS
- Where and why do we draw the line between what’s immoral and what’s illegal?
- What types of drugs are illegal and why?
- Are we winning the war on drugs?
- What sexual acts do we define as prostitution?
- Why do some individuals exchange sex for money or drugs?
- When does pornography become a crime?
Useful Web Page Links
www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp
http://socialcostsofpornography.com
www.drugabuse.gov
www.nc.cdc.gov/travel/page/sex-tourism
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
Fallen Angels. True cost of sex tourism: Philippines' fatherless kids. www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTds3-BxGV0.
Child Prostitution - South Africa's young street walkers. www.youtube.com/watch?v=xISFxedkhl8.
REAL LIFE DRUG STORY VIDEOS—Drug Addiction Experiences/Teenage Drugs Stories. www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOLb21bii-A.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Caulkins, J.P., Kilmer, B., Reuter, P.H., and Midgette, G. (2015). Cocaine's fall and marijuana's rise: questions and insights based on new estimates of consumption and expenditures in US drug markets. Addiction, 110(5), 728–736.
DeKeseredy, W.S. and Hall-Sanchez, A. (2016). Adult Pornography and Violence Against Women in the Heartland Results from a Rural Southeast Ohio Study. Violence against Women, 1077801216648795.
Farrell, A. and Fahy, S. (2016). Prostitution and Sex Trafficking. The Wiley Handbook on the Psychology of Violence, 517–532.
Malamuth, N.M., Hald, G.M., and Koss, M. (2012). Pornography, individual differences in risk and men’s acceptance of violence against women in a representative sample. Sex Roles, 66(7-8), 427–439.
Schildkraut, J., Elsass, H.J., and Stafford, M.C. (2015). Could it happen here? Moral panic, school shootings, and fear of crime among college students. Crime, Law and Social Change, 63(1–2), 91–110.
News or Magazine Articles
Rugby, V. de. (2016). How the war on drugs fails black communities. Reason.com, July 14. Available online at http://reason.com/archives/2016/07/14/how-the-war-on-drugs-fails-black-communi.
Shoichet, C.E. (2014). Notorious Mexican cartel leader Nazario Moreno dead – again. CNN.com, March 11. Available online at www.cnn.com/2014/03/09/world/americas/mexico-drug-lord-nazario-moreno-killed/index.html.
Chapter 18
Crimes of the Powerful
KEY QUESTIONS
- What are the key features of crimes of the powerful?
- In what context does white-collar crime occur?
- What is state-corporate crime?
- What is the relationship between organized crime, government and business?
- Why should we care about the crimes of the powerful?
Useful Web Page Links
| National White Collar Crime Center | www.nw3c.org | Main page for National White Collar Crime Center |
| Corporate Crime Reporter | www.corporatecrimereporter.com | Main page for investigative journalism site the Corporate Crime Reporter |
| International State Crime Initiative | www.statecrime.org | Main page for this cross-disciplinary research center on state crime |
| Global Corruption Barometer | www.transparency.org/research/gcb/overview | Main page for Transparency International’s Global Corruption Barometer Monitoring system and reports |
| Offices of the United States Attorneys, Financial Fraud information page | www.justice.gov/usao/priority-areas/financial-fraud | Main descriptive page on the topic of financial fraud |
| FBI White Collar Crime information page | www.fbi.gov/about-us/investigate/white_collar | Main descriptive page on the topic of white collar crime |
| Interpol Financial Crime Section | www.interpol.int/Crime-areas/Financial-crime/Financial-crime | Main page for Interpol’s Financial Crimes Section |
| John Oliver, FIFA | www.youtube.com/watch?v=qr6ar3xJL_Q | Video link |
| Madoff Ponzi Scheme | www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2nX3FdRyR0 | Video link |
| HSBC Money Laundering Scandal I | www.npr.org/2012/07/17/156933069/hsbc-accused-of-letting-cartels-launder-money | Audio link |
| HSBC Money Laundering Scandal II | www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2014/03/20/291934724/awash-in-cash-drug-cartels-rely-on-big-banks-to-launder-profits | Audio link |
| Top Corporate Criminals (Partial Listing) | www.corporatecrimereporter.com/top100.html | Web link |
| Armenian Genocide | www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/06/25/483507441/pope-francis-urges-world-to-never-forget-armenian-genocide | Audio link |
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Kramer, R.C., Michalowski, R.J., and Kauzlarich, D. (2002). The origins and development of the concept and theory of state-corporate crime. Crime & Delinquency, 48(2), 263–282.
Sutherland, E.H. (1940). White-Collar Criminality. American Sociological Review, 5(1). Available online at www.asanet.org/sites/default/files/savvy/images/asa/docs/pdf/1939%20Presidential%20Address%20(Edwin%20Sutherland).pdf.
Tombs, S. and Whyte, D. (2002). Unmasking the Crimes of the Powerful. Critical Criminology, 11, 217–236. Available online at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:CRIT.0000005811.87302.17#/page-1.
Newspaper Articles
Dallas News (2016) Yellow Cab Parent Company Fraud Scandal. Available online at www.dallasnews.com/business/health-care/20160627-yellow-cab-parent-company-must-pay-1.125m-to-resolve-medicaid-fraud-allegations.ece.
Kedmey, D. (2014). Apple Set to Pay Out $450 Million Over E-Book-Price-Fixing Scandal. Time.com, July 16. Available online at http://time.com/2993547/apple-set-to-pay-out-450-million-over-e-book-price-fixing-scandal.
Chapter 19
Green Crimes and Harms
KEY QUESTIONS
- What are green crimes and harms?
- What is the connection between the environmental movement and green criminology?
- How does the study of green crimes and harms overlap with the study of the crimes of the powerful?
Useful Web Page Links
| Name or Title | Link | Description |
| U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) | https://www3.epa.gov/ | Main website for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, responsible for environmental law enforcement and the protection of human and environmental health |
| U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Criminal Enforcement Division (U.S. EPA, CED) | www.epa.gov/enforcement/criminal-enforcement | Main page for the Criminal Division of the EPA, containing information on environmental crimes and environmental law enforcement in the U.S. |
| U.S. Department of Justice, Environmental Crimes Section (U.S. DOJ, ECS) | www.justice.gov/enrd/environmental-crimes-section | Main page for the U.S. DOJ Environmental Crimes Section, containing information on environmental law enforcement, lawsuits, settlements, and more |
| U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) | www.fws.gov | Main website for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, a government agency responsible for enforcing many types of environmental and wildlife law |
| U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Law Enforcement (USFWS, OLE) | www.fws.gov/le | Main page for the U.S. FWS law enforcement section, whose mission is to protect wildlife and plant resources in the U.S. Through the effective enforcement of federal laws, it contributes to Fish and Wildlife Service efforts to recover endangered species, conserve migratory birds, preserve wildlife habitat, safeguard fisheries, combat invasive species, and promote international wildlife conservation |
| Climate Change Global Governance Monitor | www.cfr.org/global-governance/global-governance-monitor/p18985#!/climate-change | Main page for information |
| TRAFFIC | www.traffic.org | Main page for an organization that investigates the international trade in wildlife |
| United Nations Environment Programme | www.unep.org/delc/EnvironmentalCrime | Main page for UN environmental crime info |
| INTERPOL Environmental Crime Section | www.interpol.int/Crime-areas/Environmental-crime/Environmental-crime | Main page for Interpol’s environmental crime section |
| Bhopal Disaster | www.youtube.com/watch?v=HsuUQzhP2Ds | Video link |
| Great Pacific Garbage Patch news report | www.youtube.com/watch?v=WtewmJ78hzw | Video link |
| 60 Minutes on e-waste (China) (investigative report highlighting illegal trafficking of e-waste to foreign countries) | www.youtube.com/watch?v=_PgbrPiUG0M | Video link |
| E-waste investigative report (Africa) from a non-American perspective | www.youtube.com/watch?v=dd_ZttK3PuM | Video link |
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Beivik, K. Armitage, J.M. Wania, F., and Jones, K.C. (2014). Tracking the Global Generation and Exports of E-Waste. Environmental Science and Technology, 48(15), 8735–8743.
Doyon, J.A. (2014). Corporate Environmental Crime in the Electronic Waste Industry: The Case of Executive Recycling, Inc. Internet Journal of Criminology.
Lynch, M.J. (1990). The Greening of Criminology: A Perspective on the 1990s. The Critical Criminologist, 2(3), 1–4 and 11–12.
Newspaper or Magazine Articles
Cart, J. (2015). High levels of benzene found in fracking waste water. The Los Angeles Times,February 11.
Taylor, A. (2014). Bhopal: The World's Worst Industrial Disaster, 30 Years Later. The Atlantic,December 2.
Chapter 20
Technology and Cybercrime
KEY QUESTIONS
- What are the three primary ways that technology impacts modern crime?
- How is cybercrime defined?
- What are the major types of cybercrime that occur today?
- How are law enforcement agencies responding to and controlling cybercrime?
Useful Web Page Links
| FBI Cybercrime Section | www.fbi.gov/about-us/investigate/cyber | Main page for FBI cybercrime section |
| DOJ Computer Crime and IP Section | www.justice.gov/criminal-ccips | Main page for DOJ computer crime prosecutions section |
| Interpol Cybercrime Section | www.interpol.int/Crime-areas/Cybercrime/Cybercrime | Main page for Interpol cybercrime section |
| Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) | www.ic3.gov/default.aspx | Main page for the FBI sponsored Internet Crime Complaint Center |
| John Oliver, Government Surveillance | www.youtube.com/watch?v=IS5mwymTIJU | Video link |
| Marc Goodman TED Lecture, A Vision of Crimes in the Future | www.ted.com/talks/marc_goodman_a_vision_of_crimes_in_the_future?language=en | Video link |
| RadioLab Reports, Eye in the Sky | www.radiolab.org/story/eye-sky | Audio link |
| Edward Snowden and VICE HBO Doc | www.youtube.com/watch?v=ucRWyGKBVzo | Video link |
| Hacktivism | www.youtube.com/watch?v=OG0wKUipab0 | Video link |
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Grabosky, P.N. (2001). Virtual criminality: Old wine in new bottles? Social and Legal Studies,10, 243–249.
Pratt, T.C., Holtfreter, K., and Reisig, M.D. (2010). Routine online activity and Internet fraud targeting: Extending the generality of routine activity theory. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 47(3), 267–296.
Newspaper or Magazine Articles
Bearman, J. (2016). The Rise and Fall of Silk Road, Part I. Available online at www.wired.com/2015/04/silk-road-1.
Lennon, M. (2015). Hackers Hit 100 Banks in “Unprecedented” $1 Billion Cyber Heist: Kaspersky Lab. Cyber Security Week, February 15.
Pethos, A., Fallis, D., and Keating, D. (2013). Shot-Spotter detection system documents 39,000 shooting incidents in the District. Washington Post, November 2.
Taibbi, M. (2013). Apocalypse, New Jersey: A Dispatch from America’s Most Desperate Town. Rolling Stone, 1198.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2013). Comprehensive Study on Cybercrime. Available online at www.unodc.org/documents/organized-crime/UNODC_CCPCJ_EG.4_2013/CYBERCRIME_STUDY_210213.pdf.
Chapter 21
Crime Today, Crime Tomorrow – The Future of Criminological Theory
KEY QUESTIONS
- How can we benefit from the study of crime in different parts of the world?
- What types of criminal activities violate the rules of more than one country?
- In what ways has technology contributed to crime?
- Is the science of criminology effectively dealing with crime in modern society?
- How do we arrive at a comprehensive definition of crime?
- What will be the role of criminological theory in solving crime today and in the future?
- Should crime control strategies today be driven by theory, reality, or both?
- In what ways has criminological research impacted social policy?
Useful Web Page Links
www.open.ac.uk/icccr/index.php
www.interpol.int
www.unodc.org
www.unicri.it/services/library_documentation/publications/icvs/data
Links to External Video and Audio Resources
How globalization affects transnational crime. www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ipmpv0R1D0s.
Truth and lies in the war on terror. www.youtube.com/watch?v=MYimavfs8RI.
Recommended Academic Journal Articles
Bisogno, E., Dawson-Faber, J., and Jandl, M. (2015). The International Classification of Crime for Statistical Purposes: A new instrument to improve comparative criminological research. European Journal of Criminology, 12(5), 535–550.
Houge, A.B., Lohne, K., and Skilbrei, M.L. (2015). Gender and crime revisited: criminological gender research on international and transnational crime and crime control. Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention, 16(2), 160–174.
Nwebo, O. and Ubah, C. (2015). Globalization of crime: problems and challenges for world peace and security. International Journal of Liberal Arts and Science, 3(2), 91–104.
News or Magazine Articles
Kimble, L. (2016). At least 84 killed in France after truck plows through crowds celebrating bastille day in suspected terror attack. People, July 14. Available online at www.people.com/article/truck-drives-through-crowd-in-nice-france.
Saeed, A. (2015). Who were Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik? CNN.com, December 4. Available online at www.cnn.com/2015/12/03/us/syed-farook-tashfeen-malik-mass-shooting-profile/index.html.