Afterword
Binski, Paul. Medieval Death: Ritual and Representation. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996.
Brundage, James A. Law, Sex, and Christian Society in Medieval Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
Bynum, Caroline Walker. "The Body of Christ in the Later Middle Ages: A Reply to Leo Steinberg." Renaissance Quarterly 39 (1986): 399–439.
———. Holy Feast and Holy Fast: The Religious Significance of Food to Medieval Women. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.
———. Fragmentation and Redemption: Essays on Gender and the Human Body in Medieval Religion. New York: Zone Books, 1991.
———. "Why All the Fuss about the Body? A Medievalist's Perspective." Critical Inquiry 22 (1995): 1–33.
Clark, Anna. Desire: A History of European Sexuality. London: Routledge, 2008.
Freedman, Paul, and Gabrielle M. Spiegel. "Medievalisms Old and New: The Rediscovery of Alterity in North American Medieval Studies." The American Historical Review 103 (1998): 677–704.
Laqueur, Thomas Walter. Making Sex: Body and Gender from the Greeks to Freud. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990.
Platt, Colin. King Death: The Black Death and Its Aftermath in Late-Medieval England. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996.
Steinberg, Leo. The Sexuality of Christ in Renaissance Art and in Modern Oblivion. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.
Chapter 1 – Sex and the Middle Ages
Baldwin, John W. The Language of Sex: Five Voices from Northern France Around 1200. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
Biale, David. Eros and the Jews: From Biblical Israel to Contemporary America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Bloch, R. Howard. The Scandal of the Fabliaux. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.
Brundage, James A. Law, Sex, and Christian Society in Medieval Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
Bullough, Vern L., and James A. Brundage, eds. Sexual Practices & the Medieval Church. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1982.
———, eds. Handbook of Medieval Sexuality. New York: Garland Pub., 1996.
Burger, Glenn, and Steven F. Kruger, eds. Queering the Middle Ages. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001.
Camille, Michael. Image on the Edge: The Margins of Medieval Art. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992.
———. The Medieval Art of Love: Objects and Subjects of Desire. New York: Abrams, 1998.
Cantarella, Eva. Bisexuality in the Ancient World. Translated by Cormac Ó Cuilleanáin. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992.
Chauncey, George. Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Makings of the Gay Male World, 1890–1940. New York: Basic Books, 1994.
Chazelle, Celia Martin, Simon Doubleday, Felice Lifshitz, and Amy G. Remensnyder, eds. Why the Middle Ages Matter: Medieval Light on Modern Injustice. London: Routledge, 2012.
Clark, Anna. Desire: A History of European Sexuality. London: Routledge, 2008.
Clark, David. Between Medieval Men: Male Friendship and Desire in Early Medieval English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Classen, Albrecht, ed. Sexuality in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: New Approaches to a Fundamental Cultural-Historical and Literary-Anthropological Theme. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2008.
Davidson, James N. Courtesans & Fishcakes: The Consuming Passions of Classical Athens. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998.
Dinshaw, Carolyn. Getting Medieval: Sexualities and Communities, Pre- and Postmodern. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1999.
Elliott, Dyan. "The Three Ages of Joan Scott." American Historical Review 113 (2008): 1290–403.
———. "Sexual Scandal and the Clergy: A Medieval Blueprint for Disaster." In Why the Middle Ages Matter: Medieval Light on Modern Injustice, edited by Celia Martin Chazelle, Simon Doubleday, Felice Lifshitz and Amy G. Remensnyder, 90–105. London: Routledge, 2012.
Evans, Ruth, ed. A Cultural History of Sexuality in the Middle Ages. Vol. 2, A Cultural History of Sexuality, New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2012.
Farmer, Sharon A., and Carol Braun Pasternack, eds. Gender and Difference in the Middle Ages. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2003.
Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality. Translated by Robert Hurley. Vol. 1, An Introduction, New York: Vintage Books, 2012.
Hallett, Judith P., and Marilyn B. Skinner, eds. Roman Sexualities. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997.
Halperin, David M. One Hundred Years of Homosexuality, and Other Essays on Greek Love. London: Routledge, 1990.
———. "Forgetting Foucault: Acts, Identities, and the History of Sexuality." Representations, no. 63 (1998): 93–120.
———. How to do the History of Homosexuality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.
Halperin, David M., John Winkler, and Froma I. Zeitlin, eds. Before Sexuality: The Construction of Erotic Experience in the Ancient Greek World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990.
Harper, April, and Caroline Proctor, eds. Medieval Sexuality: A Casebook. London: Routledge, 2008.
Jaeger, C. Stephen. The Origins of Courtliness: Civilizing Trends and the Formation of Courtly Ideals, 939–1210. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985.
———. Ennobling Love: In Search of a Lost Sensibility. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
Jordan, Mark D. The Invention of Sodomy in Christian Theology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Keiser, Elizabeth B. Courtly Desire and Medieval Homophobia: The Legitimation of Sexual Pleasure in Cleanness and its Contexts. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997.
Kennedy, Elizabeth Lapovsky, and Madeline D. Davis. Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold: The History of a Lesbian Community. London: Routledge, 1993.
Keuls, Eva C. The Reign of the Phallus: Sexual Politics in Ancient Athens. New York: Harper & Row, 1985.
Knight, Jonathan. "Is Dante Alighieri Laughing, or Rolling, in his Grave?". Translated by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. In Inferno, edited by Dante Alighieri, ix–xxiv. New York: Ballantine Books/Del Rey, 2010.
Laqueur, Thomas Walter. Making Sex: Body and Gender from the Greeks to Freud. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990.
Larrington, Carolyne. Winter is Coming: The Medieval World of Game of Thrones. London: I.B. Tauris, 2015.
Lehmann, Prisca. La Repression des Délits Sexuels Dans les États Savoyards: Châtellenies des dioceses d'Aoste, Sion et Turin, fin XIIIe-XVe Siècle. Lausanne: Cahiers Lausannois d'Histoire Médiévale, 2006.
Lochrie, Karma. "Mystical Acts, Queer Tendencies." In Constructing Medieval Sexuality, edited by Karma Lochrie, Peggy McCracken and James Alfred Schultz, 180–200. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997.
———. Covert Operations: The Medieval Uses of Secrecy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
———. Heterosyncrasies: Female Sexuality When Normal Wasn't. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2005.
Lochrie, Karma, Peggy McCracken, and James Alfred Schultz, eds. Constructing Medieval Sexuality. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997.
Lorcin, Marie-Thérèse. Façons de Sentir et de Penser: Les Fabliaux Français. Paris: Honoré Champion, 1979.
Mathews, Karen Rose. "Nudity on the Margins: The Bayeux Tapestry and its Relationship to Marginal Architectural Sculpture." In Naked before God: Uncovering the Body in Anglo-Saxon England, edited by Jonathan Wilcox and Benjamin C. Withers, 138–61. Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University Press, 2003.
Matter, E. Ann. The Voice of My Beloved: The Song of Songs in Western Medieval Christianity. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1990.
McGuire, Brian Patrick. Brother and Lover: Aelred of Rievaulx. New York: Crossroad, 1994.
Mills, Robert. Suspended Animation: Pain, Pleasure and Punishment in Medieval Culture. London: Reaktion Books, 2005.
Murray, Jacqueline. "One Flesh, Two Sexes, Three Genders?". In Gender and Christianity in Medieval Europe: New Perspectives, edited by Lisa M. Bitel and Felice Lifshitz. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008.
Murray, Jacqueline, and Konrad Eisenbichler, eds. Desire and Discipline: Sex and Sexuality in the Premodern West. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996.
Musson, Anthony, ed. Boundaries of the Law: Geography, Gender, and Jurisdiction in Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2005.
Oswald, Dana, ed. Monsters, Gender and Sexuality in Medieval English Literature. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 2010.
Payer, Pierre J. The Bridling of Desire: Views of Sex in the Later Middle Ages. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993.
Peakman, Julie. A Cultural History of Sexuality. Oxford: Berg, 2011.
———. Pleasure's All Mine: A History of Perverse Sex. London: Reaktion Books, 2013.
Phillips, Kim M., and Barry Reay, eds. Sex before Sexuality: A Premodern History. Malden, MA: Polity, 2011.
Pugh, Tison. Sexuality and its Queer Discontents in Middle English Literature. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
Ragep, F. Jamil. "Islamic Culture and the Natural Sciences." In The Cambridge History of Science, vol. 2, Medieval Science, edited by David C. Lindberg and Michael H. Shank, 1–26. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
Reddy, William. The Making of Romantic Love: Longing and Sexuality in Europe, South Asia and Japan, 900–1200 CE. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012.
Richlin, Amy. "Not before Homosexuality: The Materiality of the Cinaedus and the Roman Law against Love between Men." Journal of the History of Sexuality 3 (1993): 523–73.
Schibanoff, Susan. "Sodomy's Mark: Alan of Lille, Jean de Meun, and the Medieval Theory of Authorship." In Queering the Middle Ages, edited by Glenn Burger and Steven F. Kruger, 28–56. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001.
Schultz, James A. Courtly Love, the Love of Courtliness, and the History of Sexuality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006.
Servitje, Lorenzo. "Digital Mortification of Literary Flesh: Computational Logistics and Violences of Remediation in Visceral Games' Dante's Inferno." Games and Culture 9 (2014): 368–88.
Stein, Edward, ed. Forms of Desire: Sexual Orientation and the Social Constructionist Controversy. London: Routledge, 1992.
Swanson, R.N. "Angels Incarnate: Clergy and Masculinity from Gregorian Reform to Reformation." In Masculinity in Medieval Europe, edited by Dawn M. Hadley, 160–77. New York: Longman, 1999.
Weir, Anthony, and James Jerman. Images of Lust: Sexual Carvings on Medieval Churches. London: B.T. Batsford, 1986.
Williams, Craig A. Roman Homosexuality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
Wolfthal, Diane. In and Out of the Marital Bed: Seeing Sex in Renaissance Europe. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010.
Ziolkowski, Jan M. Alain of Lille's Grammar of Sex: The Meaning of Grammar to a Twelfth-Century Intellectual. Cambridge, MA: Medieval Academy of America, 1985.
———, ed. Obscenity: Social Control and Artistic Creation in the European Middle Ages. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1998.
Chapter 2 – The Sexuality of Chastity
Armstrong-Partida, Michelle. "Priestly Marriage: The Tradition of Clerical Concubinage in the Spanish Church." Viator 40, no. 2 (2009): 221–53.
Arnold, John. "The Labour of Continence: Masculinity and Clerical Virginity." In Medieval Virginities, edited by Ruth Evans, Sarah Salih, and Anke Bernau. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003.
Atkinson, Clarissa W. "'Precious Balsam in a Fragile Glass': The Ideology of Virginity in the Later Middle Ages." Journal of Family History 8 (1983): 131–43.
———. Mystic and Pilgrim: The Book and the World of Margery Kempe. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1985.
Bell, Rudolph M. Holy Anorexia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985.
Bennett, Judith M. "'Lesbian-like' and the Social History of Lesbianisms." Journal of the History of Sexuality 9 (2000): 1–24.
Bennett, Judith M., and Ruth Mazo Karras, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Women and Gender in Medieval Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
Biale, David. Eros and the Jews: From Biblical Israel to Contemporary America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Bitel, Lisa M. Women in Early Medieval Europe, 400–1100. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Bornstein, Daniel. "Parish Priests in Late Medieval Cortona: The Urban and Rural Clergy." Quaderni di Storia Religiosa 4 (1997): 165–93.
Bornstein, Daniel Ethan, and Roberto Rusconi, eds. Women and Religion in Medieval and Renaissance Italy. Translated by Margery J. Schneider. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.
Boyarin, Daniel. Carnal Israel: Reading Sex in Talmudic Culture. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.
Brown, Jennifer N. "The Chaste Erotics of Marie d'Oignies and Jacques de Vitry." In Desire and Eroticism in Medieval Europe, Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries: Sex without Sex, edited by Sally N. Vaughn and Christina Christoforatou. Special issue of Journal of the History of Sexuality, 19, 74–93. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2010.
Brown, Peter. The Body and Society: Men, Women, and Sexual Renunciation in Early Christianity. New York: Columbia University Press, 1988.
———. Augustine of Hippo: A Biography. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2013.
Brożyna, Martha A. Gender and Sexuality in the Middle Ages: A Medieval Source Documents Reader. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2005.
Brundage, James A. Law, Sex, and Christian Society in Medieval Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
Bugge, John. Virginitas: An Essay in the History of a Medieval Ideal. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1975.
Cadden, Joan. Meanings of Sex Difference in the Middle Ages: Medicine, Science, and Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Canatella, H.M. "Long-Distance Love: The Ideology of Male-Female Spiritual Friendship in Goscelin of Saint Bertin's Liber Confortatorius." In Desire and Eroticism in Medieval Europe, Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries: Sex without Sex, edited by Sally N. Vaughn and Christina Christoforatou. Special issue of Journal of the History of Sexuality, 19, 35–53. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2010.
Carlson, Cindy L., and Angela Jane Weisl, eds. Constructions of Widowhood and Virginity in the Middle Ages. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.
Clark, Elizabeth A. Ascetic Piety and Woman's Faith: Essays on Late Ancient Christianity. Lewiston: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1986.
———. Reading Renunciation: Asceticism and Scripture in Early Christianity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999.
Classen, Albrecht. "The Cultural Significance of Sexuality in the Middle Ages, Renaissance, and Beyond: A Secret Continuous Undercurrent or a Dominant Phenomenon of the Premodern World? Or: The Irrepressibility of Sex Yesterday and Today." In Sexuality in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: New Approaches to a Fundamental Cultural-Historical and Literary-Anthropological Theme, edited by Albrecht Classen, 1–141. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2008.
Constable, Giles. Three Studies in Medieval Religious and Social Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Cunningham, Mary B. "'Shutting the Gates of the Soul': Spiritual Treatises on Resisting the Passions." In Desire and Denial in Byzantium, edited by Liz James, 23–32. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1997.
Diem, Albrecht. "The Gender of the Religious: Wo/Men and the Invention of Monasticism." In The Oxford Handbook of Women and Gender in Medieval Europe, edited by Judith M. Bennett and Ruth Mazo Karras, 432–46. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
Dinzelbacher, Peter. "Gruppensex im Untergrund: Chaotische Ketzer und kirchliche Keuschheit im Mittelalter." In Sexuality in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: New Approaches to a Fundamental Cultural-Historical and Literary-Anthropological Theme, edited by Albrecht Classen, 405–27. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2008.
Easton, Martha. "'Was it Good For You, Too?' Medieval Erotic Art and its Audiences." Different Visions: A Journal of New Perspectives on Medieval Art, no. 1 (2008). http://www.differentvisions.org/issue1PDFs/Easton.pdf.
Elliott, Dyan. Spiritual Marriage: Sexual Abstinence in Medieval Wedlock. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993.
———. Fallen Bodies: Pollution, Sexuality, and Demonology in the Middle Ages. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
———. "Seeing Double: John Gerson, the Discernment of Spirits, and Joan of Arc." The American Historical Review 107, no. 1 (2002): 26–54.
———. "Alternative Intimacies: Men, Women, and Spiritual Direction in the Twelfth Century." In Christina of Markyate: A Twelfth-Century Holy Woman, edited by Samuel Fanous and Henrietta Leyser, 160–83. London: Routledge, 2005.
Epp, Garrett P.J. "Ecce Homo." In Queering the Middle Ages, edited by Glenn Burger and Steven F. Kruger, 236–51. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001.
Evans, Ruth, Sarah Salih, and Anke Bernau, eds. Medieval Virginities. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003.
Fanous, Samuel, and Henrietta Leyser, eds. Christina of Markyate: A Twelfth-Century Holy Woman. London: Routledge, 2005.
———. The Life of Christina of Markyate. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
Green, Monica Helen. Making Women's Medicine Masculine: The Rise of Male Authority in Pre-Modern Gynaecology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Hallett, Judith P, and Marilyn B. Skinner, eds. Roman Sexualities. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997.
Harper, Kyle. From Shame to Sin: The Christian Transformation of Sexual Morality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013.
Herdt, Gilbert H., ed. Third Sex, Third Gender: Beyond Sexual Dimorphism in Culture and History. New York: Zone Books, 1994.
Hopkins, Amanda, and Cory James Rushton, eds. The Erotic in the Literature of Medieval Britain. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 2007.
———. "Introduction: The Revel, the Melodye and the Bisynesse of Solas." In The Erotic in the Literature of Medieval Britain, edited by Amanda Hopkins and Cory James Rushton, 1–17. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 2007.
Jacquart, Danielle, and Claude Alexandre Thomasset. Sexuality and Medicine in the Middle Ages. Translated by Matthew Adamson. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988.
Jaeger, C. Stephen. Ennobling Love: In Search of a Lost Sensibility. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
James, Liz, ed. Desire and Denial in Byzantium. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1997.
Jussen, Bernhard. Der Name der Witwe: Erkundungen zur Semantik der mittelalterlichen Busskultur. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2000.
Kelly, Kathleen Coyne. Performing Virginity and Testing Chastity in the Middle Ages. London: Routledge, 2000.
Kelly, Kathleen Coyne, and Marina Leslie, eds. Menacing Virgins: Representing Virginity in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press, 1999.
Koren, Sharon Faye. Forsaken: The Menstruant in Medieval Jewish Mysticism. Waltham, MA: Brandeis University Press, 2011.
Kuefler, Mathew. The Manly Eunuch: Masculinity, Gender Ambiguity, and Christian Ideology in Late Antiquity. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001.
Lees, Clare A., Thelma S. Fenster, and Jo Ann McNamara, eds. Medieval Masculinities: Regarding Men in the Middle Ages. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
Levin, Eve. Sex and Society in the World of the Orthodox Slavs, 900–1700. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1989.
Loader, William. "Marriage and Sexual Relations in the New Testament World." In Oxford Handbook of Theology, Sexuality, and Gender, edited by Adrian Thatcher, 189–205. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
Lochrie, Karma. Margery Kempe and Translations of the Flesh. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991.
———. "Mystical Acts, Queer Tendencies." In Constructing Medieval Sexuality, edited by Karma Lochrie, Peggy McCracken, and James Alfred Schultz, 180–200. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997.
Matter, E. Ann. "My Sister, My Spouse: Woman-Identified Women in Medieval Christianity." Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 2 (1986): 81–93.
McCracken, Peggy. "Chaste Subjects: Gender, Heroism, and Desire in the Grail Quest." In Queering the Middle Ages, edited by Glenn Burger and Steven F. Kruger, 123–42. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001.
McLaughlin, Megan. Sex, Gender, and Episcopal Authority in an Age of Reform, 1000–1122. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
McNamara, Jo Ann. A New Song: Celibate Women in the First Three Christian Centuries. New York: Haworth Press, 1983.
———. "The Herrenfrage: The Restructuring of the Gender System, 1050–1150." In Medieval Masculinities: Regarding Men in the Middle Ages, edited by Clare A. Lees, Thelma S. Fenster, and Jo Ann McNamara, 3–29. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
———. "Canossa and the Ungendering of the Public Man." In Render unto Caesar: The Religious Sphere in World Politics, edited by Sabrina P. Ramet and Donald W. Treadgold, 131–50. Washington, D.C.: American University Press, 1995.
———. Sisters in Arms: Catholic Nuns Through Two Millennia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996.
Mills, Robert. Suspended Animation: Pain, Pleasure and Punishment in Medieval Culture. London: Reaktion Books, 2005.
Mooney, Catherine M., ed. Gendered Voices: Medieval Saints and Their Interpreters. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
Parish, Helen L. Clerical Celibacy in the West, c.1100–1700. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2010.
Park, Katherine. "Medicine and Natural Philosophy: Naturalistic Traditions." In The Oxford Handbook of Women and Gender in Medieval Europe, edited by Judith M. Bennett and Ruth Mazo Karras, 84–100. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
Payer, Pierre J. Sex and the Penitentials: The Development of a Sexual Code, 550–1150. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984.
Ramet, Sabrina P., and Donald W. Treadgold, eds. Render unto Caesar: The Religious Sphere in World Politics. Washington, D.C.: American University Press, 1995.
Ringrose, Kathryn M. "Living in the Shadows: Eunuchs and Gender in Byzantium." In Third Sex, Third Gender: Beyond Sexual Dimorphism in Culture and History, edited by Gilbert H. Herdt, 85–110. New York: Zone Books, 1994.
———. The Perfect Servant: Eunuchs and the Social Construction of Gender in Byzantium. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.
Rubenstein, Jay. Guibert of Nogent: Portrait of a Medieval Mind. London: Routledge, 2002.
Salih, Sarah. Versions of Virginity in Late Medieval England. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 2001.
———. "When Is a Bosom Not a Bosom? Problems with 'Erotic Mysticism'." In Medieval Virginities, edited by Ruth Evans, Sarah Salih, and Anke Bernau, 14-33. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003.
Salisbury, Joyce E. Perpetua's Passion: The Death and Memory of a Young Roman Woman. London: Routledge, 1997.
———. "When Sex Stopped Being a Social Disease: Sex and the Desert Fathers and Mothers." In Medieval Sexuality: A Casebook, edited by April Harper and Caroline Proctor, 47–58. London: Routledge, 2008.
Schmugge, Ludwig. Kirche, Kinder, Karrieren: Päpstliche Dispense von der unehelichen Geburt im Spätmittelalter. Zürich: Artemis & Winkler, 1995.
Schulenburg, Jane Tibbetts. Forgetful of Their Sex: Female Sanctity and Society, ca. 500–1100. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
Swanson, R.N. "Angels Incarnate: Clergy and Masculinity from Gregorian Reform to Reformation." In Masculinity in Medieval Europe, edited by Dawn M. Hadley. Men and Women in History, 160–77. Harlow: Longman, 1999.
Thibodeaux, Jennifer D. "The Sexual Lives of Medieval Norman Clerics: A New Perspective on Clerical Sexuality." In Sexuality in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: New Approaches to a Fundamental Cultural-Historical and Literary-Anthropological Theme, edited by Albrecht Classen, 471–83. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2008.
Van Engen, John H. Rupert of Deutz. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.
Vaughn, Sally N., and Christina Christoforatou, eds. Desire and Eroticism in Medieval Europe, Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries: Sex without Sex. Special issue of Journal of the History of Sexuality, vol. 19. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2010.
Warner, Marina. Alone of All Her Sex: The Myth and the Cult of the Virgin Mary. New York: Vintage Books, 1983.
Weisheipl, James A. Friar Thomas D'Aquino: His Life, Thought, and Work. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974.
Wemple, Suzanne Fonay. Women in Frankish Society: Marriage and the Cloister, 500 to 900. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.
Wertheimer, Laura. "Children of Disorder: Clerical Parentage, Illegitimacy, and Reform in the Middle Ages." Journal of the History of Sexuality 15, no. 3 (2007): 382–407.
Wilson, Katharina M., and Elizabeth M. Makowski. Wykked Wyves and the Woes of Marriage: Misogamous Literature From Juvenal to Chaucer. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1990.
Winstead, Karen A. Virgin Martyrs: Legends of Sainthood in Late Medieval England. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997.
Wogan-Browne, Jocelyn. Saints' Lives and Women's Literary Culture c. 1150–1300: Virginity and its Authorizations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Ziolkowski, Jan M., ed. Obscenity: Social Control and Artistic Creation in the European Middle Ages. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1998.
Chapter 3 – Sex and Marriage
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Ariès, Philippe, and Georges Duby, eds. A History of Private Life Vol. 2, Revelations of the Medieval World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1987.
Baskin, Judith Reesa. Jewish Women in Historical Perspective. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1998.
———. "Jewish Women in the Middle Ages." In Jewish Women in Historical Perspective, 101–27. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1998.
———. Midrashic Women: Formations of the Feminine in Rabbinic Literature. Waltham, MA: Brandeis University Press, 2002.
———. "Male Piety, Female Bodies: Men, Women, and Ritual Immersion in Medieval Ashkenaz." In Studies in Medieval Halakhah in Honor of Stephen M. Passamaneck, edited by Alyssa M. Gray and Bernard S. Jackson. Jewish Law Association Studies, 11–30. Liverpool: Deborah Charles Publications, 2007.
Beattie, Cordelia. Medieval Single Women: The Politics of Social Classification in Late Medieval England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Beattie, Cordelia, and Matthew Frank Stevens, eds. Married Women and the Law in Premodern Northwest Europe. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell & Brewer Ltd., 2013.
Beidler, Peter G., ed. The Wife of Bath. Boston: Bedford Books, 1996.
Berkey, Jonathan P. "Women in Medieval Islamic Society." In Women in Medieval Western European Culture, edited by Linda E Mitchell, 95-111. New York: Garland Pub., 1999.
Biale, David. Eros and the Jews: from Biblical Israel to Contemporary America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Biller, Peter. The Measure of Multitude: Population in Medieval Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Bitel, Lisa M. Women in Early Medieval Europe, 400–1100. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Brooke, Christopher. The Medieval Idea of Marriage. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
Brożyna, Martha A. Gender and Sexuality in the Middle Ages: a Medieval Source Documents Reader. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2005.
Brundage, James A. "Let Me Count the Ways: Canonists and Theologians Contemplate Coital Positions." Journal of Medieval History 10 (1984): 81–93.
———. Law, Sex, and Christian Society in Medieval Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
———. "Widows and Remarriage: Moral Conflicts and Their Resolution in Classical Canon Law." In Wife and Widow in Medieval England, edited by Sue Sheridan Walker, 19–31. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1993.
Cadden, Joan. Meanings of Sex Difference in the Middle Ages: Medicine, Science, and Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Camille, Michael. The Medieval Art of Love: Objects and Subjects of Desire. New York: Abrams, 1998.
Cheyette, Frederic L. Ermengard of Narbonne and the World of the Troubadours. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001.
Classen, Albrecht. "Naked Men in Medieval German Literature and Art: Anthropological, Cultural-Historical, and Mental-Historical Investigations." In Sexuality in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: New Approaches to a Fundamental Cultural-Historical and Literary-Anthropological Theme, edited by Albrecht Classen, 143–69. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2008.
Colish, Marcia L. Peter Lombard. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1994.
D'Avray, David. Medieval Marriage: Symbolism and Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
———. Papacy, Monarchy and Marriage, 860–1600. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
Delany, Sheila. Writing Woman: Women Writers and Women in Literature, Medieval to Modern. New York: Schocken Books, 1983.
———. "Sexual Economics, Chaucer's Wife of Bath, and The Book of Margery Kempe." In Writing Woman: Women Writers and Women in Literature, Medieval to Modern, 76-91. New York: Schocken Books, 1983.
Deutsch, Christina. Ehegerichtsbarkeit im Bistum Regensburg (1480–1538). Cologne: Böhlau Verlag, 2005.
Donahue, Charles. Law, Marriage, and Society in the Later Middle Ages: Arguments About Marriage in Five Courts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Duby, Georges. Medieval Marriage: Two Models from Twelfth-Century France. Translated by Elborg Forster. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978.
———. The Knight, the Lady, and the Priest: The Making of Modern Marriage in Medieval France. Translated by Barbara Bray. New York: Pantheon, 1993.
Dyer, Christopher. Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages: Social Change in England, c. 1200–1520. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Elliott, Dyan. Spiritual Marriage: Sexual Abstinence in Medieval Wedlock. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993.
———. Fallen Bodies: Pollution, Sexuality, and Demonology in the Middle Ages. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
———. The Bride of Christ Goes to Hell: Metaphor and Embodiment in the Lives of Pious Women, 200–1500. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012.
Evergates, Theodore, ed. Aristocratic Women in Medieval France. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
Falk, Ze'ev W. Jewish Matrimonial Law in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1966.
Flandrin, Jean-Louis. Un temps pour embrasser: aux origines de la morale sexuelle occidentale (VIe–XIe siècle). Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1983.
Gibson, Gail. "Blessings from Sun and Moon: Churching as Women's Theatre." In Bodies and Disciplines: Intersections of Literature and History in Fifteenth-Century England, edited by Barbara Hanawalt and David Wallace, 139–54. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996.
Giladi, Avner. Muslim Midwives: The Craft of Birthing in the Premodern Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.
Glass, D. V., and D.E.C. Eversley, eds. Population in History: Essays in Historical Demography. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Co., 1965.
Goitein, Shelomoh Dov. A Mediterranean Society: The Jewish Communities of the Arab World as Portrayed in the Documents of the Cairo Geniza. Vol. 3, The Family, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.
Goldberg, P.J.P. "Women in Fifteenth-Century Town Life." In Towns and Townspeople in the Fifteenth Century, edited by John A.F. Thompson, 107–28. Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 1988.
Goody, Jack. The Development of the Family and Marriage in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
Gray, Alyssa M., and Bernard S. Jackson, eds. Studies in Medieval Halakhah in Honor of Stephen M. Passamaneck Vol. 17, Jewish Law Association Studies. Liverpool: Deborah Charles Publications, 2007.
Green, Monica Helen. "Bodies, Gender, Health, Disease: Recent Work on Medieval Women's Medicine." Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History. 3rd ser. 2 (2005): 1–49.
———. Making Women's Medicine Masculine: The Rise of Male Authority in Pre-Modern Gynaecology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Grossman, Avraham. "The Historical Background to the Ordinances on Family Affairs Attributed to Rabbenu Gershom Me'or ha-Golah ("The Light of the Exile")." In Jewish History: Essays in Honour of Chimen Abramsky, edited by Ada Rapoport-Albert and Steven J. Zipperstein, 3–23. London: Peter Halban, 1988.
———. Pious and Rebellious: Jewish Women in Medieval Europe. Translated by Jonathan Chipman. Waltham, MA: Brandeis University Press, 2004.
Guthrie, Shirley. Arab Women in the Middle Ages: Private Lives and Public Roles. London: Saqi Books, 2000.
Hajnal, John. "European Marriage Patterns in Perspective." In Population in History: Essays in Historical Demography, edited by D.V. Glass and D.E.C. Eversley, 101–43. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Co., 1965.
Helmholz, R.H. Marriage Litigation in Medieval England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974.
Howell, Martha C. The Marriage Exchange: Property, Social Place, and Gender in Cities of the Low Countries, 1300–1550. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
Hughes, Diane Owen. "From Brideprice to Dowry in Mediterranean Europe." Journal of Family History 3 (1978): 262–96.
Jacquart, Danielle, and Claude Alexandre Thomasset. Sexuality and Medicine in the Middle Ages. Translated by Matthew Adamson. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988.
Joye, Sylvie. La femme ravie: Le marriage par rapt dans les sociétés occidentales du haut Moyen Age. Turnhout: Brepols, 2012.
Jussen, Bernhard. Der Name der Witwe: Erkundungen zur Semantik der mittelalterlichen Busskultur. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2000.
Karras, Ruth Mazo. "Concubinage and Slavery in the Viking Age." Scandinavian Studies 62 (1990): 141–62.
———. "Misogyny and the Medieval Exemplum: Gendered Sin in John of Bromyard's Summa Praedicantium." Traditio 47 (1992): 233–57.
———. Common Women: Prostitution and Sexuality in Medieval England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
———. "The Regulation of Sexuality in the Late Middle Ages: England and France." Speculum 86 (2011): 1010–39.
———. Unmarriages: Women, Men, and Sexual Unions in the Middle Ages. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012.
———. "The Wife of Bath." In Historians on Chaucer: The General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales, edited by Stephen Rigby, 319–33. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
———. "The Reproduction of Medieval Christianity." In The Oxford Handbook of Gender and Christian Theology, edited by Adrian Thatcher, 271–86. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
Köstler, Rudolf. "Raub-, Kauf- und Friedelehe bei den Germanen." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, Germanistische Abteilung 63 (1943): 92–136.
Kowaleski, Maryanne. "Singlewomen in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: The Demographic Perspective." In Singlewomen in the European Past, 1250–1800, edited by Judith M. Bennett and Amy M. Froide, 38–81. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
Lambert, Malcolm. The Cathars. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998.
Levin, Eve. Sex and Society in the World of the Orthodox Slavs, 900–1700. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1989.
Loengard, Janet Senderowitz. "Legal History and the Medieval Englishwoman Revisited: Some New Directions." In Medieval Women and the Sources of Medieval History, edited by Joel Thomas Rosenthal, 210-37. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1990.
McDougall, Sara. "Bigamy: A Male Crime in Medieval Europe?". Gender & History 22, no. 2 (2010): 430–-46.
———. Bigamy and Identity in Late Medieval Champagne. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012.
McNamara, Jo Ann. "The Herrenfrage: The Restructuring of the Gender System, 1050–1150." In Medieval Masculinities: Regarding Men in the Middle Ages, edited by Clare A. Lees, Thelma S. Fenster and Jo Ann McNamara, 3–29. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
McSheffrey, Shannon. Marriage, Sex and Civic Culture in Late Medieval London. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006.
Menchi, Silvana Seidel, and Diego Quaglioni, eds. Matrimoni in dubbio: Unioni controverse e nozze clandestine in Italia dal XIV al XVIII secolo. Bologna: Annali dell'Istituto storico italo-germanico in Trento, Quaderno 57, 2001.
Moore, R.I. The First European Revolution, c. 970–1215. Oxford: Blackwell, 2000.
Murray, Jacqueline. "On the Origins and Role of Wise Women in Causes for Annulment on the Grounds of Male Impotence." Journal of Medieval History 16 (1990): 235–49.
———. Love, Marriage, and Family in the Middle Ages: A Reader. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press, 2001.
Musallam, Basim. Sex and Society in Islam: Birth Control Before the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
Niebrzydowski, Sue. "'So wel koude he me glose': The Wife of Bath and the Eroticism of Touch." In The Erotic in the Literature of Medieval Britain, edited by Amanda Hopkins and Cory James Rushton, 18–26. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 2007.
Noonan, John Thomas. Contraception: A History of its Treatment by the Catholic Theologians and Canonists. 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1986.
Park, Katherine. "Medicine and Natural Philosophy: Naturalistic Traditions." In The Oxford Handbook of Women and Gender in Medieval Europe, edited by Judith M. Bennett and Ruth Mazo Karras, 84–100. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
Pugh, Tison. Sexuality and its Queer Discontents in Middle English Literature. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
Rapoport, Yossef. Marriage, Money and Divorce in Medieval Islamic Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Rapoport-Albert, Ada, and Steven J. Zipperstein, eds. Jewish History: Essays in Honour of Chimen Abramsky. London: Peter Halban, 1988.
Riddle, John M. Contraception and Abortion From the Ancient World to the Renaissance. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992.
———. Eve's Herbs: A History of Contraception and Abortion in the West. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.
Rider, Catherine. Magic and Impotence in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Rieder, Paula M. On the Purification of Women: Churching in Northern France, 1100–1500. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
Rosenthal, Joel Thomas, ed. Medieval Women and the Sources of Medieval History. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1990.
Ross, Margaret Clunies. "Concubinage in Anglo-Saxon England." Past & Present 108 (1985): 3–34.
Satlow, Michael. Jewish Marriage in Antiquity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001.
Sheehan, Michael M. Marriage, Family and Law in Medieval Europe: Collected Studies. Edited by James K Farge. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996.
Sturges, Robert. "Purgatory in the Marriage Bed: Conjugal Sodomy in The Gast of Gy." In Framing the Family: Narrative and Representation in the Medieval and Early Modern Periods, edited by Rosalynn Voaden and Diane Wolfthal, 57–78. Tempe: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2005.
Thomson, John A.F., ed. Towns and Townspeople in the Fifteenth Century. Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 1988.
Walker, Sue Sheridan, ed. Wife and Widow in Medieval England. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1993.
Weinstein, Donald, and Rudolph M. Bell. Saints and Society: The Two Worlds of Western Christianity, 1000–1700. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
Wemple, Suzanne Fonay. Women in Frankish Society: Marriage and the Cloister, 500 to 900. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.
Wilson, Katharina M., and Elizabeth M. Makowski. Wykked Wyves and the Woes of Marriage: Misogamous Literature From Juvenal to Chaucer. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1990.
Winroth, Anders. The Making of Gratian's Decretum. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Wolfthal, Diane. In and Out of the Marital Bed: Seeing Sex in Renaissance Europe. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010.
Woolgar, C.M. The Great Household in Late Medieval England. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999.
Chapter 4 – Women Outside of Marriage
The Arabian Nights II: Sinbad and Other Popular Stories. Translated by Husain Haddawy. New York: WW Norton, 1995.
"An Exchange between Don A. Monson College of William and Mary and William D. Paden Northwestern University." Exemplaria 14, no. 2 (2002): 486–517.
Amer, Sahar. Crossing Borders: Love Between Women in Medieval French and Arabic Literatures. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008.
Archibald, Elizabeth. Incest and the Medieval Imagination. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Baldwin, John W. Masters, Princes, and Merchants: The Social Views of Peter the Chanter and His Circle. 2 vols. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1970.
Bennett, Judith M. "'Lesbian-like' and the Social History of Lesbianisms." Journal of the History of Sexuality 9 (2000): 1–24.
———. "Writing Fornication: Medieval Leywite and Its Historians." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 6th ser. 13 (2003): 131–62.
———. "Remembering Elizabeth Etchingham and Agness Oxenbridge." In The Lesbian Premodern, edited by Noreen Giffney, Michelle M. Sauer and Diane Watt, 132–43. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
Bennett, Judith M., and Amy M. Froide. Singlewomen in the European Past, 1250–1800. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
Bennett, Judith M., and Shannon McSheffrey. "Early, Erotic and Alien: Women Dressed as Men in Late Medieval London." History Workshop Journal (2014): 1–25.
Benton, John. "Clio and Venus: an Historical View of Medieval Love." In The Meaning of Courtly Love, edited by Francis X. Newman, 19–42. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1969.
Bitel, Lisa M. Women in Early Medieval Europe, 400–1100. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Blaschitz, Gertrud. "Das Freudenhaus im Mittelalter: In der stat was gesessen/ain unrainer pulian...". In Sexuality in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: New Approaches to a Fundamental Cultural-Historical and Literary-Anthropological Theme, edited by Albrecht Classen, 715–50. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2008.
Bloch, R. Howard. The Scandal of the Fabliaux. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.
Bloch, R. Howard, and Stephen G. Nichols, eds. Medievalism and the Modernist Temper. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.
Blumenthal, Deborah. Enemies and Families: Slavery and Mastery in Fifteenth-Century Valencia. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2009.
Boisselier, Stéphane, and John Victor Tolan, eds. La cohabitation religieuse dans les villes européennes, Xe-XVe siècles. Turnhout: Brepols, 2014.
Boureau, Alain. The Lord's First Night: The Myth of the Droit de Cuissage. Translated by Lydia G. Cochrane. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
Brożyna, Martha A. Gender and Sexuality in the Middle Ages: A Medieval Source Documents Reader. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2005.
Brundage, James A. Law, Sex, and Christian Society in Medieval Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
Brunschvig, R. "Abd." In Encyclopedia of Islam, 24–40. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1960.
Caballero-Navas, Carmen, ed. The Book of Women's Love and Jewish Medieval Medical Literature on Women: Sefer Ahavat Nashim. Translated by Carmen Caballero-Navas. London: Kegan Paul, 2004.
Carter, John Marshall. Rape in Medieval England: An Historical and Sociological Study. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1985.
Cheyette, Frederic L. "Women, Poets and Politics in Occitania." In Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, edited by Theodore Evergates, 138–77. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
Chiat, Marilyn J., and Kathryn L. Reyerson, eds. The Medieval Mediterranean: Cross-Cultural Contacts. St. Cloud, MN: North Star Press, 1988.
Classen, Albrecht. Sexual Violence and Rape in the Middle Ages: A Critical Discourse in Premodern German and European Literature. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2011.
Constable, Giles. "The Authorship of the Epistolae duorum amantium: A Reconsideration." In Voices in Dialogue: Reading Women in the Middle Ages, edited by Linda Olson and Kathryn Kerby-Fulton, 125–86. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005.
Constable, Remie. "From Hygiene to Heresy: Changing Perceptions of Women and Bathing in Medieval and Early Modern Iberia." In La cohabitation religieuse dans les villes européennes, Xe–XVe siècles, edited by Stéphane Boisselier and John Victor Tolan, 185–206. Turnhout: Brepols, 2014.
Crompton, Louis. "The Myth of Lesbian Impunity: Capital Laws from 1270 to 1791." Journal of Homosexuality 6 (1980): 11–26.
Desmond, Marilynn. "Dominus/Ancilla: Rhetorical Subjectivity and Sexual Violence in the Letters of Heloise." In The Tongue of the Fathers: Gender and Ideology in Twelfth-Century Latin, edited by David Townsend and Andrew Taylor, 35–54. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998.
Dinshaw, Carolyn, and David Wallace, eds. The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Women's Writing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Duby, Georges. The Chivalrous Society. Translated by Cynthia Postan. London: Edward Arnold, 1977.
———. "Youth in Aristocratic Society: Northwestern France in the Twelfth Century." Translated by Cynthia Postan. In The Chivalrous Society, 111–22. London: Edward Arnold, 1977.
Dunn, Caroline. Stolen Women in Medieval England: Rape, Abduction and Adultery, 1100–1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
Dupont, Guy. Maagdenverleidsters, hoeren en speculanten. Prostitutie in Brugge tijdens de Bourgondische periode (1315–1515). Bruges: Marc Van de Wiele, 1996.
Elliott, Dyan. "Dress as Mediator between Inner and Outer Self: the Pious Matron of the High and Later Middle Ages." Medieval Studies 53 (1991): 279–308.
———. Fallen Bodies: Pollution, Sexuality, and Demonology in the Middle Ages. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
Ennen, Edith. The Medieval Woman. Translated by Edmund Jephcott. Oxford: Blackwell, 1989.
Epstein, Steven A. Speaking of Slavery: Color, Ethnicity, and Human Bondage in Italy. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001.
Giffney, Noreen, Michelle M. Sauer, and Diane Watt, eds. The Lesbian Premodern. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
Goldberg, P.J.P. "Women in Fifteenth-Century Town Life." In Towns and Townspeople in the Fifteenth Century, edited by John A.F. Thompson, 107–28. Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 1988.
Gravdal, Kathryn. Ravishing Maidens: Writing Rape in Medieval French Literature and Law. New Cultural Studies Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991.
Green, Monica Helen. The Trotula: An English Translation of the Medieval Compendium of Women's Medicine. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002.
———. Women's Healthcare in the Medieval West: Texts and Contexts. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2002.
Grossman, Avraham. Pious and Rebellious: Jewish Women in Medieval Europe. Translated by Jonathan Chipman. Waltham, MA: Brandeis University Press, 2004.
Hanawalt, Barbara, and David Wallace, eds. Bodies and Disciplines: Intersections of Literature and History in Fifteenth-Century England. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996.
Helmholz, R.H. Marriage Litigation in Medieval England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974.
Hult, David. "Gaston Paris and the Invention of Courtly Love." In Medievalism and the Modernist Temper, edited by R. Howard Bloch and Stephen G. Nichols, 192–224. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.
Jaeger, C. Stephen. "Epistolae duorum amantium and the Ascription to Heloise and Abelard." In Voices in Dialogue: Reading Women in the Middle Ages, edited by Linda Olson and Kathryn Kerby-Fulton, 125–66. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005.
———. "A Reply to Giles Constable." In Voices in Dialogue: Reading Women in the Middle Ages, edited by Linda Olson and Kathryn Kerby-Fulton, 179–86. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005.
Jansen, Katherine Ludwig. The Making of the Magdalen: Preaching and Popular Devotion in the Later Middle Ages. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000.
Johnson, Penelope. Equal in Monastic Profession: Religious Women in Medieval France. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.
Jones, Charles W. St. Nicholas of Myra, Bari, and Manhattan: Biography of a Legend. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978.
Karras, Ruth Mazo. "Holy Harlots: Prostitute Saints in Medieval Legend." Journal of the History of Sexuality 1 (1990): 3–32.
———. "Servitude and Sexuality in Medieval Iceland." In From Sagas to Society: Comparative Approaches to Early Iceland, edited by Gísli Pálsson, 289–304. Enfield Lock, Herts.: Hisarlik Press, 1992.
———. Common Women: Prostitution and Sexuality in Medieval England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
———. "Two Models, Two Standards: Moral Teaching and Sexual Mores." In Bodies and Disciplines: Intersections of Literature and History in Fifteenth-Century England, edited by Barbara Hanawalt and David Wallace, 123–38. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996.
Katzenellenbogen, Adolf. Allegories of the Virtues and Vices in Medieval Art From Early Christian Times to the Thirteenth Century. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1989.
Kelly, Joan. Women, History and Theory: The Essays of Joan Kelly. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984.
———. "Did Women Have a Renaissance?". In Women, History and Theory: The Essays of Joan Kelly, 19–50. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984.
Kieckhefer, Richard. European Witch Trials: Their Foundations in Popular and Learned Culture. London: Routledge, 1976.
Klapisch-Zuber, Christiane, ed. Silences of the Middle Ages Vol. 2, A History of Women in the West. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992.
LaBarge, Margaret Wade. A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life. Boston: Beacon Press, 1986.
Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel. Montaillou: The Promised Land of Error. Translated by Barbara Bray. New York: G. Braziller, 1978.
Lemay, Helen Rodnite. "Human Sexuality in Twelfth- through Fifteenth-Century Scientific Writings." In Sexual Practices & the Medieval Church, edited by Vern L. Bullough and James A. Brundage, 187–205. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1982.
Levin, Eve. Sex and Society in the World of the Orthodox Slavs, 900–1700. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1989.
Lochrie, Karma. "Between Women." In The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Women's Writing, edited by Carolyn Dinshaw and David Wallace, 70–88. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
———. Heterosyncrasies: Female Sexuality When Normal Wasn't. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2005.
Lorcin, Marie-Thérèse. Façons de Sentir et de Penser: les Fabliaux Français. Paris: Honoré Champion, 1979.
Matter, E. Ann. "My Sister, My Spouse: Woman-Identified Women in Medieval Christianity." Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 2 (1986): 81–93.
McKee, Sally. "The Implications of Slave Women's Sexual Service in Late Medieval Italy." In Unfreie Arbeit: Ökonomische und kulturgeschichtliche Perspektiven, edited by M. Erdem Kabadayi and Tobias Reichardt, 101–14. Hildensheim: Georg Olms Verlag, 2007.
———. "Domestic Slavery in Renaissance Italy." Slavery and Abolition 29 (2008): 305–28.
———. "Slavery." In The Oxford Handbook of Women and Gender in Medieval Europe, edited by Judith M. Bennett and Ruth Mazo Karras, 281–94. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
McSheffrey, Shannon. "Men and Masculinity in Late Medieval London Civic Culture: Governance, Patriarchy, and Reputation." In Conflicted Identities and Multiple Masculinities: Men in the Medieval West, edited by Jacqueline Murray, 234–78. New York: Garland Pub., 1999.
Menocal, Maria Rosa. The Arabic Role in Medieval Literary History: A Forgotten Heritage. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1987.
Mews, Constant J. The Lost Love Letters of Heloise and Abelard: Perceptions of Dialogue in Twelfth-Century France. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1999.
Meyerson, Mark D. "Prostitution of Muslim Women in the Kingdom of Valencia: Religious and Sexual Discrimination in a Medieval Plural Society." In The Medieval Mediterranean: Cross-Cultural Contacts, edited by Marilyn J. Chiat and Kathryn L. Reyerson, 87–95. St. Cloud, MN: North Star Press, 1988.
Meyerson, Mark D., and Edward D. English, eds. Christians, Muslims, and Jews in Medieval and Early Modern Spain: Interaction and Cultural Change. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1999.
Murray, Jacqueline. "Twice Marginal and Twice Invisible: Lesbians in the Middle Ages." In Handbook of Medieval Sexuality, edited by Vern L. Bullough and James A. Brundage, 191–222. New York: Garland Pub., 1996.
———, ed. Conflicted Identities and Multiple Masculinities: Men in the Medieval West. New York: Garland Pub., 1999.
Newman, Barbara. From Virile Women to WomanChrist: Studies in Medieval Religion and Literature. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995.
Newman, Francis X., ed. The Meaning of Courtly Love. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1969.
Nirenberg, David. "Religious and Sexual Boundaries in the Medieval Crown of Aragon." In Christians, Muslims, and Jews in Medieval and Early Modern Spain: Interaction and Cultural Change, edited by Mark D. Meyerson and Edward D. English, 141–60. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1999.
———. "Conversion, Sex, and Segregation: Jews and Christians in Medieval Spain." American Historical Review 107 (2002): 1065–93.
Noonan, John Thomas. Contraception: A History of its Treatment by the Catholic Theologians and Canonists. 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1986.
Olson, Linda, and Kathryn Kerby-Fulton, eds. Voices in Dialogue: Reading Women in the Middle Ages. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005.
Otis-Cour, Leah. Prostitution in Medieval Society: The History of an Urban Institution in Languedoc. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985.
Paden, William D. "The Troubadour's Lady through Thick History." Exemplaria 11 (1999): 221–44.
Payer, Pierre J. Sex and the Penitentials: The Development of a Sexual Code, 550–1150. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984.
Poos, L.R. "Sex, Lies, and the Church Courts of Pre-Reformation England." The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 25 (1995): 585–607.
Rapoport, Yossef. Marriage, Money and Divorce in Medieval Islamic Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Riddle, John M. Contraception and Abortion From the Ancient World to the Renaissance. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992.
———. Eve's Herbs: A History of Contraception and Abortion in the West. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.
Robertson, Elizabeth Ann, and Christine M. Rose. Representing Rape in Medieval and Early Modern Literature. The New Middle Ages. 1st ed. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
Rosen, Tova. Unveiling Eve: Reading Gender in Medieval Hebrew Literature. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press, 2003.
Rossiaud, Jacques. Medieval Prostitution. Translated by Lydia G. Cochrane. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.
Ruggiero, Guido. The Boundaries of Eros: Sex Crime and Sexuality in Renaissance Venice. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985.
———. Machiavelli in Love: Sex, Self, and Society in the Italian Renaissance. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007.
Ruys, Juanita Feros. "Heloise, Monastic Temptation, and Memoria: Rethinking Autobiography, Sexual Experience, and Ethics." In Sexuality in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: New Approaches to a Fundamental Cultural-Historical and Literary-Anthropological Theme, edited by Albrecht Classen, 383–404. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2008.
Saunders, Corinne J. "Erotic Magic: The Enchantress in Middle English Romance." In The Erotic in the Literature of Medieval Britain, edited by Amanda Hopkins and Cory James Rushton, 38–52. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D.S. Brewer, 2007.
Sautman, Francesca Canadé, and Pamela Sheingorn, eds. Same Sex Love and Desire Among Women in the Middle Ages. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
Schultz, James A. Courtly Love, the Love of Courtliness, and the History of Sexuality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006.
Schuster, Peter. Das Frauenhaus: Städtische Bordelle in Deutschland (1350–1600). Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh, 1992.
Shahar, Shulamith. The Fourth Estate: A History of Women in the Middle Ages. London: Routledge, 2007.
Shank, Michael H. "A Female University Student in Late Medieval Krakow." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 12 (1987): 373–80.
Sheehan, Michael M. "Theory and Practice: Marriage of the Unfree and Poor in Medieval Society." Medieval Studies 50 (1988): 457–87.
———. Marriage, Family and Law in Medieval Europe: Collected Studies. Edited by James K. Farge Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996.
Stephens, Walter. Demon Lovers: Witchcraft, Sex, and the Crisis of Belief. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.
Stuard, Susan M. "Ancillary Evidence for the Decline of Medieval Slaver." Past & Present 149 (Nov 1995): 3–28.
Townsend, David, and Andrew Taylor, eds. The Tongue of the Fathers: Gender and Ideology in Twelfth-Century Latin. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998.
Trexler, Richard C. "La prostitution florentine au XVe siècle: patronages et clientèles." Annales: Economies, sociétés, civilizations 36 (1981): 983–1015.
Weir, Anthony, and James Jerman. Images of Lust: Sexual Carvings on Medieval Churches. London: B.T. Batsford, 1986.
Wood, Charles T. Joan of Arc and Richard III: Sex, Saints, and Government in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.
Wrightson, Keith. English Society, 1580–1680. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1982.
Ziolkowski, Jan M. "Lost and Not Yet Found: Heloise, Abelard, and the Epistolae duorum amantium." Journal of Medieval Latin 14 (2004): 171–202.
Chapter 5 – Men Outside of Marriage
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