Vocabulary
Dialogue Part A Vocabulary
Audio file |
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Simplified |
Traditional |
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bā |
eight |
number |
八 |
八 |
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érzi |
son |
noun |
儿子 |
兒子 |
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gè |
classifier for people and some other nouns |
classifier |
个 |
個 |
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háizi |
child |
noun |
孩子 |
孩子 |
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jǐ |
how many |
question word |
几 |
幾 |
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jiā |
family, home |
noun |
家 |
家 |
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liǎng |
two |
number |
两 |
兩 |
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nà |
well then |
pause particle |
那 |
那 |
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nán |
male |
adjective |
男 |
男 |
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nán háizi |
boy (male child) |
noun phrase |
男孩子 |
男孩子 |
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nǚ |
female |
adjective |
女 |
女 |
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nǚ'ér |
daughter |
noun |
女儿 |
女兒 |
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nǚ háizi |
girl (female child) |
noun phrase |
女孩子 |
女孩子 |
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sān |
three |
number |
三 |
三 |
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shí |
ten |
number |
十 |
十 |
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sì |
four |
number |
四 |
四 |
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wǔ |
five |
number |
五 |
五 |
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xǐhuān |
like |
stative verb |
喜欢 |
喜歡 |
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yī |
one |
number |
一 |
一 |
Dialogue Part B Vocabulary
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Simplified |
Traditional |
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kǒu |
mouth - classifier for people in a household |
classifier |
口 |
口 |
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péngyou |
friend |
noun |
朋友 |
朋友 |
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zěnme |
how |
question word |
怎么 |
怎麼 |
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zhīdào |
know |
verb |
知道 |
知道 |
Dialogue Part C Vocabulary
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Simplified |
Traditional |
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dǎ |
hit |
verb |
打 |
打 |
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diànhuà |
telephone |
noun |
电话 |
電話 |
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duōshǎo |
how much, how many |
question word |
多少 |
多少 |
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èr |
two |
number |
二 |
二 |
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gěi |
part of the expression gěi (someone) dǎ diànhuà |
preposition |
给 |
給 |
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hàomǎ |
number |
noun |
号码 |
號碼 |
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jiāo |
teach |
verb |
教 |
教 |
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jiǔ |
nine |
number |
九 |
九 |
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kěyǐ |
can |
modal verb |
可以 |
可以 |
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kòng |
free time, vacant |
noun |
空 |
空 |
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líng |
zero |
number |
零 |
零 |
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liù |
six |
number |
六 |
六 |
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qī |
seven |
number |
七 |
七 |
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shǒujī |
cell phone, mobile phone |
noun |
手机 |
手機 |
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tài |
too |
intensifier |
太 |
太 |
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tài hǎo le |
great |
conversational expression |
太好了 |
太好了 |
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yāo |
one (alternate pronunciation when reciting phone numbers and addresses) |
number |
幺 (一) |
幺 (一) |
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yǒu kòng |
have free time |
verb phrase |
有空 |
有空 |
Dialogue
Audio file |
Dialogue |
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Wáng Màikè: Dàwéi, nà, nǐ jiā yǒu wǔ gè rén ba. |
王麦克: 大为，那，你家有五个人吧。 |
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Zhāng Dàwéi: Duì, wǒ jiā yǒu wǔ gè rén. Wǒ bàba māma zhǐ yǒu érzi, méi yǒu nǚ'ér. Màikè, nǐ jiā yǒu jǐ gè rén? |
张大为: 对，我家有五个人。我 |
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Wáng Màikè: Wǒ jiā yǒu shí gè rén. |
王麦克: 我家有十个人。 |
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Zhāng Dàwéi: Shí gè rén! Zhēnde ma? |
张大为: 十个人！真的吗？ |
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Wáng Màikè: Zhēnde. Wǒ bàba māma hěn xǐhuān háizi. Wǒmen jiā yǒu bā gè háizi, wǔ gè nán háizi, sān gè nǚháizi. Wǒ yǒu sì gè gēge, liǎng gè jiějie, hé yī gè mèimei. |
王麦克: 真的。我爸爸妈妈很 |
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Dialogue |
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Chén Míng: Guóqiáng, nǐ jiā ne? |
陈明: 国强，你家呢？ |
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Zhāng Dàwéi: Wǒ zhīdào. Guóqiáng jiā yǒu sān gè rén, bàba, māma hé tā. Duì bù duì? |
张大为: 我知道。国强家有三个 |
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Xiè Guóqiáng: Duì. Wǒ jiā zhǐ yǒu sān kǒu rén, bàba, māma, hé wǒ. |
谢国强: 对。我家只有三口人， |
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Chén Míng: Nǐ zěnme zhīdào tā jiā zhǐ yǒu yī gè háizi? |
陈明: 你怎么知道他家只有一 个 |
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Zhāng Dàwéi: Guóqiáng shì Zhōngguó rén. Wǒ de Zhōngguó péngyou dōu méi yǒu gēge, dìdi, yě méi yǒu jiějie, mèimei. |
张大为：国强是中国人。我的中国朋友都没有哥哥、弟弟，也没有姐姐、妹妹。 |
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Dialogue |
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Xiè Guóqiáng: Chén Míng, Màikè, wǒ de diànhuà hàomǎ shì yāo líng wǔ sì bā wǔ líng liù jiǔ èr bā, yǒu kòng kěyǐ gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà. Wǒ jiāo nǐmen shuō Zhōngwén, nǐmen yě kěyǐ jiāo wǒ Yīngwén. |
谢国强: 陈明，麦克，我的电话号码是一〇五四八五 |
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Chén Míng: Nà tài hǎo le. Nǐ de diànhuà hàomǎ shì yāo líng wǔ sì bā wǔ líng liù jiǔ èr bā, duì bù duì? |
陈明: 那太好了。你的电话号码 |
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Xiè Guóqiáng: Duì. Nǐmen de diànhuà hàomǎ shì duōshǎo? |
谢国强: 对。你们的电话号码是 |
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Chén Míng: Wǒ méi yǒu shǒujī, Màikè yǒu. Tā de hàomǎ shì yī sān èr sì bā liù qī jiǔ jiǔ líng sān. |
陈明: 我没有手机，麦克有。他 |
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Xiè Guóqiáng: Hǎo. Xièxie. |
谢国强: 好。谢谢。 |
Structure Drills
1. One More(Use and Structure note 5.6)
Listen to the string of numbers, and then repeat them, including the next highest number in the series, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: yī èr sān
You will say: yī èr sān sì
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
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Response |
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2. One less(Use and Structure note 5.6)
Listen to the string of numbers, and then repeat them, including the next lowest number in the series, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: sì sān èr
You will say: sì sān èr yī
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h)
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Prompt |
Response |
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3. Wǒ jiā yǒu qī gè rén (Use and Structure notes 5.2, 5.3, 5.6)
Listen to the recording and then respond by saying that your family has one more person, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: Wǒ jiā yǒu qī gè rén.
You will say: Wǒ jiā yǒu bā gè rén.
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
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Prompt |
Response |
Example |
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4. How many people?(Use and Structure notes 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6)
You will hear a statement about the number of people in my family. Ask the corresponding question using the question word jǐ (几) how many?, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: Wǒ jiā yǒu sān gè háizi.
You will ask: Nǐ jiā yǒu jǐ gè háizi?
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j)
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Prompt |
Response |
Example |
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5. Vocabulary drill: How do you say it in Chinese?(Use and Structure note 5.10)
Listen to the question and provide the information in Chinese, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: “Telephone” Zhōngwén zěnme shuō?
You will say: Diànhuà
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l)
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Prompt |
Response |
Example |
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6. Noun description(Use and Structure note 5.9)
Listen to each question and answer it with the information provided, as in the example.
Example:
You will hear: Zhè shì shéi de shǒujī? (Gāo Měilì)
You will say: Zhè shì Gāo Měilì de shǒujī.
Click "Response" to hear the correct response
(revised the name - need to re-record)
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g)
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Prompt |
Response |
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Sentence Pyramids
The Sentence Pyramids illustrate the use of each new vocabulary item and structure introduced in the lesson. Use them to help you to learn how to form phrases and sentences in Mandarin. Supply the English translation for the last line where indicated.
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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rén |
person |
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yī gè rén |
one person |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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wǔ gè rén |
five people |
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yǒu wǔ gè rén |
have five people (there are five people) |
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Wǒ jiā yǒu wǔ gè rén. |
My family has five people. (There are five people in my family.) |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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jǐ gè rén? |
how many people? |
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Nǐ jiā yǒu jǐ gè rén? |
How many people are there in your family? |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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nǚ'ér |
daughter(s) |
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méi yǒu nǚ'ér |
not have daughter(s) |
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yǒu érzi, méi yǒu nǚ'ér |
have son(s), not have daughter(s) |
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zhǐ yǒu érzi, méi yǒu nǚ'ér |
only have son(s), not have daughter(s) |
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Wǒ bàba māma zhǐ yǒu érzi, méi yǒu nǚ'ér |
My dad and mom only have sons, (they) don’t have daughters. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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háizi |
child (children) |
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hěn xǐhuān háizi |
like children a lot |
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Wǒ bàba māma hěn xǐhuān háizi. |
My dad and mom like children a lot. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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bā gè háizi |
eight children |
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yǒu bā gè háizi |
has eight children (there are eight children) |
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Wǒmen jiā yǒu bā gè háizi. |
My family has eight children. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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nǚ háizi |
girl(s) |
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sān gè nǚ háizi |
three girls |
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wǔ gè nán háizi, sān gè nǚháizi |
five boys and three girls |
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Wǒmen jiā yǒu wǔ gè nán háizi, sān gè nǚháizi |
My family has five boys and three girls. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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sān kǒu rén |
three people |
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zhǐ yǒu sān kǒu rén |
only has three people |
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Wǒ jiā zhǐ yǒu sān kǒu rén. |
My family only has three people. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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yī gè háizi |
one child |
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zhǐ yǒu yī gè háizi |
only has one child |
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tā jiā zhǐ yǒu yī gè háizi |
his family only has one child |
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Nǐ zěnme zhīdào tā jiā zhǐ yǒu yī gè háizi? |
How do you know his family only has one child? |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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yī gè háizi |
one child |
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zhǐ yǒu yī gè háizi |
only has one child |
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dōu zhǐ yǒu yī gè háizi |
all only have one child |
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Wǒ de péngyou jiā dōu zhǐ yǒu yī gè háizi. |
My friends’ families all only have one child. |
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Wǒ de Zhōngguó péngyou jiā dōu zhǐ yǒu yī gè háizi |
My Chinese friends’ families all only have one child. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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yāo líng wǔ sì bā wǔ líng liù jiǔ èr bā |
1-0-5-4-8-5-0-6-9-2-8 |
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Wǒ de diànhuà hàomǎ shì yāo líng wǔ sì bā wǔ líng liù jiǔ èr bā. |
My phone number is 1-0-5-4-8-5-0-6-9-2-8. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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duōshǎo? |
how much? |
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shì duōshǎo? |
is how much? |
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Nǐ de diànhuà hàomǎ shì duōshǎo? |
What is your phone number? |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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shǒujī |
cell phone |
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yǒu shǒujī |
have a cell phone |
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Wǒ méi yǒu shǒujī |
I do not have a cell phone. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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yǒu kòng |
have free time |
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Nǐ yǒu kòng ma? |
Do you have free time? |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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diànhuà |
telephone |
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gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà |
phone me |
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Qǐng gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà. |
Please phone me. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà |
phone me |
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kěyǐ gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà |
can phone me |
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Yǒu kòng kěyǐ gěi wǒ dǎ diànhuà. |
(When) you have free time you can phone me. |
Audio file |
Vocabulary |
Translation |
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Yīngwén |
English |
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jiāo wǒ Yīngwén |
teach me English |
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Nǐ kěyǐ jiāo wǒ Yīngwén |
You can teach me English |
Mandarin Pronunciation
Pronunciation and Pinyin
1. Tone change for一yī one
When一 yī one occurs at the end of a phrase or sentence it is pronounced in first tone: yī.
When it occurs before a syllable with first, second, or third tone, it is often pronounced with fourth tone: yì.
yī + 1, 2, 3 |
yì + 1, 2, 3 |
|
yī zhāng |
yì zhāng |
|
yī píng |
yì píng |
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yī běn |
yì běn |
When yī occurs before a syllable in fourth tone, it often changes to second tone:
yī + 4 |
yī + 4 |
|
yīgòng |
yígòng |
一 yī one is pronounced in second tone before the classifier gè whether it occurs with falling tone (gè) or neutral tone (ge): yī ge, yī gè g yí ge , yí gè.
2. The final er and finals that begin with o, i, ü,and u
Here is the table of Mandarin finals. In this lesson, we focus on the final er and on finals that begin with o, i, ü,and u.
| Finals that begin with: | and end with a vowel: |
and end with n: |
and end with ng: |
and end with r: |
a |
a, ai, ao |
an |
ang |
|
e |
e, ei |
en |
eng |
er |
o |
(o), ou |
|
ong |
|
i |
i, ia, iao, ie, iu/iou |
ian, in |
iang, ing, iong |
|
ü |
ü, üe |
üan, ün |
|
|
u |
u, ua, uai, ui/uei, uo |
uan, uen |
uang, ueng |
|
2.1. The final er
The final er occurs in a small number of words in Mandarin. It always occurs without an initial. er is pronounced similar to the English word are when said with a strong r. Example: èr two.
2.2. Finals that begin with o
o |
(o), ou |
|
ong |
Pronunciation:
- When the letter o begins a final (ou, ong) it is pronounced like the English sound o as in the words homeor phone. Words with the final ou are close in pronunciation to the vowel in the English words go and no.
- When the letter o occurs in the final uo or follows b, p, m, or f as a simple final (bo, po, mo, fo), it is pronounced like aw in the English words awful and saw.
Restrictions:
- Finals that begin with o cannot occur after the initials j, q, and x.
2.3. Finals that begin with u
u |
u, ua, uai, ui/uei, uo |
uan, uen |
uang, ueng |
Pronunciation.
- Finals that begin with u are pronounced with rounded lips and the tongue relatively high and back in the mouth. The sound of uis very similar to the vowel sound in the English word tool. In Mandarin, the lips do not move during the pronunciation of the u sound.
Spelling.
- If a syllable that begins with u does not have an initial, the syllable is spelled wu. Example: wǔ five.
Restrictions
- Finals that begin with u cannot occur after the initials j, q, and x.
2.4. Finals that begin with i
i |
i, ia, iao, ie, iu/iou |
ian, in |
iang, ing, iong |
Pronunciation
There are three pronunciations of the Pinyin letter i:
- When the Pinyin letter i follows zh, ch, sh,or r it is pronounced as a strong r similar to the sound of the English syllable er when pronounced with a strong r.
- When the Pinyin letter i follows z, c, or s, it is pronounced with the blade of the tongue high and flat near the roof of the mouth. English does not use this vowel sound. Listen to the recordings that accompany this book to practice the pronunciation.
- In all other instances, the Pinyin letter i is pronounced like the sound ee as in the English wordssleepand week.
Spelling:
- When the finals i, in, or ing are not preceded by an initial they are written as yi. Examples: yī, yín, yìng.
- When the final iu is not preceded by an initial it is written as you. Example: yǒu have.
- When i begins any other final and is not preceded by an initial, i is written as y. Examples: yā, yào, yě, yán, yáng, yòng.
Restrictions
- Most finals that begin with i followed by at least one other vowel or consonant can follow j, q, or x and also n and l. The final iong cannot follow n or l.
- The finals iao, ie, ian, in, and ing follow b, p, m (but not f), as well as the initials d, t, n, and l, and j, q, and x.
- The finals ia, iu, and iang can follow n and l as well as j, q, and x.
2.5. Finals that begin with ü
ü |
ü, üe |
üan, ün |
|
Pronunciation
- ü is pronounced with the tongue high and flat in the mouth as when saying the sound ee as in the English word sleep, but with the lips rounded.
Spelling
- ü following j, q, or x is written as u. ü following n or l is written as ü. When finals that begin with ü occur without an initial they are written as yu.
Restrictions
Finals that begin with ü can only follow j, q, x, n, and l.
Pronunciation Challenges
1. Challenging expressions
Listen to each phrase and repeat it until you can say it quickly and accurately.
A |
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Tongue twister |
Translation |
Audio file |
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Xiǎo Sì hé Xiǎo Shí |
小四约小石学写字, |
Little Four and Little Stone |
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2. Tongue twisters
Learn these tongue twisters one line at a time. Don’t give up until you can say each one without making any errors.
B |
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Tongue twister |
Translation |
Audio file |
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Sān Shān hé Sì Shuǐ |
三山撑四水, |
Three Mountains and Four Seas |
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