Introduction
DownloadContributors
All authors have a current or past association with the University of Warwick and the early modern core module taught in its History department. Institutional affiliations appear only for those now based elsewhere.
James E. Baldwin is Lecturer in Empires of the Early Modern Muslim World at Royal Holloway, University of London. Previously he taught at the University of Warwick and was a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellow at the University of Warwick and Queen Mary, University of London. He has also been a Senior Fellow at Koç University, Istanbul, and a Visiting Research Fellow at Harvard University.
Humfrey Butters†, former Emeritus Reader in History, was twice a Fellow at the Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies, Villa I Tatti, Florence. His main works include Governors and Government in Early Sixteenth- century Florence (1502–1519) (1985) and the edition with historical commen- tary of volumes VIII and IX of the complete correspondence of Lorenzo de’ Medici (Il Magnifico) (2001 and 2002). He was also a foreign member of the Deputazione di Storia Patria per la Toscana.
Bernard Capp, Emeritus Professor of History, is a Fellow of the British Academy and a specialist in early modern English history. He is the author of eight books: The Fifth Monarchy Men (1972), Astrology and the Popular Press (1979), Cromwell’s Navy (1989), The World of John Taylor the Water-Poet (1994), When Gossips Meet: Women, Family and Neighbourhood in Early Modern England (2003), England’s Culture Wars (2012), The Ties that Bind: Siblings, Family and Society (2018) and British Slaves and Barbary Corsairs (2022).
Henry J. Cohn†, former Emeritus Reader in History with previous affiliations to Glasgow and Leicester universities. He specialized in German history of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries: government, representative institutions and the social and economic consequences of the Reformation. He is the author of The Government of the Rhine Palatinate in the Fifteenth Century (1965 and 1991; German edition 2013), and edited Government in Reformation Europe (1971) and Parliaments, Estates and Representation, vols 22–27 (2002–7).
Stéphane van Damme is a Professor in Early Modern History at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. His research interests focus on early modern scientific cultures including scientific capital cities, antiquarianism and natural history of metropolis. His last publications include Seconde nature. Rematérialiser les sciences de Bacon à Tocqueville and with Charlotte Guichard (eds.), Les Antiquités dépaysées. Une histoire globale des cultures antiquaires au XVIIIe siècle (2022).
Jonathan Davies, who gained his PhD at the University of Liverpool, is an expert on Renaissance Italy. He is the joint co-ordinator of the Warwick History of Violence Network and the editor of the essay collections Aspects of Violence in Renaissance Europe (2013) and A Cultural History of Violence in the Renaissance (forthcoming). His monographs include Florence and its University during the Early Renaissance (1998) and Culture and Power: Tuscany and its Universities 1537– 1609 (2009).
Janet Dickinson is Senior Faculty Advisor and Lecturer at New York University in London and Senior Associate Tutor in History at the Department for Continuing Education at the University of Oxford. Her main research interests focus on elite politics and culture in early modern England and Europe, on which she has published a number of articles and a book, Court Politics and the Earl of Essex (2011). Her most recent research relates to an Anglo-Dutch project on the extraordinary objects retrieved from a seventeenth-century shipwreck off the Dutch island of Texel, and in particular a collection of ‘drowned books’ and ‘ghost books’.
Rebecca Earle is a Professor of History. She has written about such things as clothing, love letters, eighteenth-century Mexican paintings, and, especially, food. Her most recent publications are Feeding the People: The Politics of the Potato (2020) and Potato (2019).
Anne Gerritsen is Professor of Chinese History and holds the Chair of Asian Art at Leiden University. Her most recent book is The City of Blue and White: Chinese Porcelain and the Early Modern World (2020). She has also edited several volumes on material culture, global connections and the exchange of gifts in the early modern world. She is a Fellow of the British Academy.
Kevin Gould is a Principal Lecturer in late medieval and early modern European history at Nottingham Trent University. His research explores con- fessional militancy within the urban centres of France during the Reformation. Publications include a monograph entitled Catholic Activism in South-west France, 1540–1670 (2006).
Steve Hindle holds The Hirst Chair of Early Modern British History at Washington University in St Louis. Previously, he taught historiography and early modern history at Warwick. He has worked extensively on the history of rural communities in early modern England. He is the author of The State and Social Change in Early Modern England (2000) and On the Parish? The Micro-Politics of Poor Relief in Rural England, c. 1550–1750 (2004). His next monograph, a study of the Warwickshire parish of Chilvers Coton, is provisionally entitled ‘The Social Topography of a Rural Community in Seventeenth-Century England’.
Colin Jones CBE, is Emeritus Professor of History at Queen Mary University of London, was a member of the University of Warwick’s History Department from 1996 to 2006. He is a specialist on the history of France, especially from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries (including the French Revolution), and the history of medicine. Recent books include The Fall of Robespierre: 24 Hours in Revolutionary Paris (2021: winner of the Enid MacLeod Prize for Franco- British studies); Versailles (2017); The Smile Revolution in Eighteenth-Century France (2015), The Great Nation: France from Louis XIV to Napoleon (2002), and Paris: Biography of a City (2004) and Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities and the French Revolution (co-editor: 2009). He is a Fellow of the British Academy.
Mark Knights works on early modern British history and has a particular interest in political culture and discourse. Recent publications include Trust and Distrust: Corruption in Office in Britain and its Empire 1600–1850 (2021), The Devil in Disguise: Delusion, Deception and Fanaticism in the Early English Enlightenment (2011) and Representation and Misrepresentation in Later Stuart Britain: Partisanship and Political Culture (2005).
Beat Kümin, Professor of Early Modern European History, works on local communities in England and the Holy Roman Empire c. 1400–1800. His current research focuses on memory culture in the German lands. Publications include Drinking Matters (2007); The Communal Age in Western Europe c. 1100– 1800 (2013); Imperial Villages (2019); the anthology A Cultural History of Food in the Early Modern Age (2012); and the co-edited collections Pfarreien in der Vormoderne (2017) and Migration and the European City (2022).
Anthony McFarlane, Emeritus Professor, has a BSc (Econ.) from the London School of Economics and a PhD in History from the University of London. He works on European colonialism in the Americas, especially Spanish America in the late colonial and early independence periods. Publications include Colombia before Independence: Economy, Society and Politics under Bourbon Rule (1993), The British in the Americas, 1480–1815 (1994), and War and Independence in Spanish America (2014). He is also the co-editor of Reform and Insurrection in Bourbon New Granada and Peru (1990) and Independence and Revolution: Perspectives and Problems (1999).
Angela McShane is currently Hon Reader in History and was formerly Head of Research Development at Wellcome Collection and Head of Postgraduate Programmes and Early Modern Studies for the V&A/RCA postgraduate pro- gramme in History of Design. She researches popular political song and the London print trade and material cultures of intoxication in the seventeenth century. Her monographs and co-edited books include: Making and Marketing Popular Political Ballads in Seventeenth-Century Britain, Marking Time: Objects, People and their Lives, 1500–1800, The Extraordinary and the Everyday in Early Modern England, and Cultures of Intoxication.
Peter Marshall is Professor of History and works on the religion and culture of the British Isles in the early modern period. His books include Mother Leakey and the Bishop: A Ghost Story (2007), The Reformation: A Very Short Introduction (2009) and Heretics and Believers: A History of the English Reformation (2017).
Luca Molà, currently seconded to the European University Institute, obtained his PhD from Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, and was a Fellow of the Harvard Center for Renaissance Studies at Villa I Tatti, and is on secondment to the European University Institute, both in Florence. He specializes in the Italian Renaissance, the early modern economy – especially trading commu- nities, artisans and industrial production – and the culture of technological change. Publications include The Silk Industry of Renaissance Venice (2000) and the co-edited collections La seta in Italia dal Medioevo al Seicento (2000) and Il Rinascimento Italiano e l’Europa, vol 3: Produzione e techniche (2007). He is co- editor of a 12-volume series on the Italian Renaissance and Europe (2005–14).
John Morgan, Lecturer in Geography at the University of Bristol, works on environmental and social history in early modern England. His research has focused on water, flooding, and drainage in lowland regions from local, national and comparative perspectives. Publications include Governing the Environment in the Early Modern World: Theory and Practice (edited with Sara Miglietti, 2017), Environment, Emotion and Early Modernity (edited with Sasha Handley, 2022), as well as articles on urban fire disasters, cultures of flooding and pigeons in the Atlantic world.
Giorgio Riello is Professor of Early Modern Global History at the European University Institute in Florence (EUI) and Professor of Global History and Culture at the University of Warwick (currently in secondment to the EUI). He is the author of Cotton: The Fabric that Made the Modern World (2013); Luxury: A Rich History (co-authored with P. McNeil, 2016); and Back in Fashion: Western Fashion from the Middle Ages to the Present (2020).
Penny Roberts is Professor of Early Modern History. Her research specialism is the social, religious, cultural and political history of sixteenth-century France. Her publications are principally focused on the period of its religious wars (c. 1560–1600), including Peace and Authority during the French Religious Wars, c. 1560–1600 (2013) and Ritual and Violence: Natalie Zemon Davis and Early Modern France (co-ed., 2012). However, her teaching interests range much more widely, encompassing pre-modern European history from c. 1200 to 1700.
William Rupp is Assistant Professor in Liberal Arts, School for Cross-Faculty Studies. He has previously taught in the Department of History and worked as an academic developer. In addition to being assistant editor and website editor for The European World (2009, 2014, 2018) he also co-edited Globalization in Practice (2014). His research focuses on travel and national identity creation in early modern Britain.
Claudia Stein is an Associate Professor whose research interests include the history of medicine and science from 1500 to today. She works on the history of disease and the body, the history of human nature, visual and material culture, and, more recently on the history of capitalism. She is the author of Negotiating the French Pox in Early Modern Germany (2009), co-editor of A History of Medicine (4 vols, 2016), and is currently preparing a monograph on The Spectacle of Hygiene.
Weblinks
1 – Introduction
- ‘Early European Books: Printed Sources to 1700’: about.proquest.com/en/products-services/eeb/
- ‘The European Library’, an aggregated online catalogue: www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/
2 – Europe in 1500
- Castiglione, Baldesar (1528), The Book of the Courtier, trans. Sir Thomas Hoby (1561): ‘Renascence Editions’: www.luminarium.org/renascence-editions/courtier/courtier.html
- ‘Hundred Years War: Treaty of Troyes (1420) and Conditions in France in 1422’: IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/1420troyes.asp
- ‘Partnership Agreements: Purchase of Shares in a Ship (1248)’: IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/1248pship3.asp
3 – Environments
- Environment and Society Timeline, curated by the Rachel Carson, Centre for Environment and Society: www.environmentandsociety.org/tools/timeline
- Historical Climatology, a Georgetown university website sharing interdisciplinary climate change research: www.historicalclimatology.com/
4 – Gender and Family
- ‘Early Modern Resources’ , with links to ‘Bodleian Broadside Ballads’, ‘Parents and children’, ‘Women’s writing’, etc: http://earlymodernweb.org/resources/index.html
- ‘Defining Gender 1450–1910’: www.amdigital.co.uk/collection/defining-gender
- Halsall, Paul ed., ‘Internet Women’s History Sourcebook’ (1998–), IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/women/womensbook.asp
5 – Rural Society
- ‘Earls Colne, Essex: Records of an English Village, 1375–1854’: https://wwwe.lib.cam.ac.uk/earls_colne/index.htm
- ‘H-Rural’ network: https://networks.h-net.org/h-rural
6 - Urban Society
- ‘Historic Cities: Maps and Documents’: http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/
- Nevola, Fabrizio and Rosenthal, David, ‘Urban Communities in Early Modern Europe (1400– 1700): A Research Review’: https://earlymoderncommunities.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/earlymoderncommunities.pdf
- The London Gazette, 3– 10 September 1666, ‘Fire of London’: https://www.bl.uk/learning/timeline/item126665.html
- ‘The Proceedings of the Old Bailey: London’s Central Criminal Court, 1674–1913’: https://www.oldbaileyonline.org/
7 – Marginals and Deviants
- ‘The Proceedings of the Old Bailey: London’s Central Criminal Court, 1674–1913’: https://www.oldbaileyonline.org/
8 – Sickness and Health
- ‘The autobiographical writings of Hermann Weinsberg’: https://www.weinsberg.uni-bonn.de/
- ‘Casebooks Project: a digital edition of Simon Forman’s and Richard Napier’s medical records’: https://casebooks.lib.cam.ac.uk/
- ‘The Diary of Samuel Pepys’, compiled by Phil Gayford: https://www.pepysdiary.com/
- ‘emroc –early modern recipes online collective’:http://emroc.hypotheses.org/ ‘Tableau de l’opération de la taille’, a musical piece composed by Marin Marais (1725): https://youtu.be/c2a7ae0oMLU ; cf. article and scores by James L. Franklin in Hektoen International (Summer 2012): https://hekint.org/2017/01/30/surgery-note-by-note-marin-marais-tableau-de-loperation-de-la-taille/surgery-note-by-note-marin-marais-tableau-de-loperation-de-la-taille/
- ‘Theories of Contagion’ from ‘Infectious Diseases at the Edward Worth Library’: https://infectiousdiseases.edwardworthlibrary.ie/theory-of-contagion/
9 – The Early Modern Economy
- ‘The Schwazer Bergbuch of 1566’, [German] description and illustrations of sixteenth-century mining: https://austria-forum.org/af/Wissenssammlungen/Historische_Bilder/Themenbereiche/Schwazer_Bergbuch/Arbeitsprozesse
10 – Church and People at the Close of the Middle Ages
- Dixon, C. Scott and Greengrass, Mark, ‘The Protestant Reformation’ (TLTP History Courseware Consortium; relaunched 2005): https://www.albany.edu/jmmh/vol3/creating_cdroms/contents.htm
- ‘My- Parish’, online platform for exchange on parish history, art, heritage and culture: https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/cross_fac/myparish/
- ‘Video from a Medieval Mass’, as featured on uCatholic : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTSJ7LqZLYQ&t=712s
11 – The Long Reformation: Lutheran
- Dixon, C. Scott and Greengrass, Mark, ‘The Protestant Reformation’ (TLTP History Courseware Consortium; relaunched 2005): https://www.albany.edu/jmmh/vol3/creating_cdroms/contents.htm
- ‘Luther at Worms (1521)’, Pitts Theology Library – Digital Image Archive: https://www.pitts.emory.edu/dia/image_details.cfm?ID=4591
- ‘Project Wittenberg’, works by and about Martin Luther and other Lutherans: https://www.projectwittenberg.org
12 – The Long Reformation: Reformed
- Beza, Theodore, ‘The Right of Magistrates’, trans. Henry-L. Gonin and Patrick S. Poole: http://www.yorku.ca/comninel/courses/3020pdf/Beza.pdf
- Calvin, John, Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536– 59), trans. Henry Beveridge: https://ccel.org/ccel/calvin/institutes/institutes?queryID=24199487&resultID=698
- Dixon, C. Scott and Greengrass, Mark, ‘The Protestant Reformation’ (TLTP History Courseware Consortium; relaunched 2005): https://www.albany.edu/jmmh/vol3/creating_cdroms/contents.htm
- ‘Mapping the Scottish Reformation’ – A Database of the Scottish Clergy, 1560 to 1689: https://mappingthescottishreformation.org/
13 – The Long Reformation: Catholic
- Andrea Pozzo, ‘The Altar of St Ignatious Loyola at the Church of Il Gesù, Rome’ (1690s), WGA: https://www.wga.hu/art/p/pozzo/2/gesu.jpg
- ‘The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent’, HHTP: https://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent.html
- ‘Extracts from the Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius Loyola’, IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/loyola-spirex.asp
- Jesuit Historiography Online. Open access resource: https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/browse/jesuit-historiography-online
- Ricci Institute for Chinese- Western Cultural History: https://www.bc.edu/bc-web/centers/ricci.html
- St Francis Xavier, ‘Letter from Japan to the Society of Jesus at Goa’ (1551), IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1551xavier3.asp
14 – Religious Culture in Early Modern Europe
- ‘The Act of Toleration, 1689’: https://www.jacobite.ca/documents/1689toleration.htm
- ‘The Augsburg Confession, 1530’: https://bookofconcord.org/augsburg-confession/
- ‘Blaise Pascal, Penseés , 1660’, in: Modern History Sourcebook: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1660pascal-pensees.asp
- ‘The Edict of Nantes, 1598’: http://www.historyguide.org/earlymod/nantes.html
- ‘Our Lord in the Attic: Seventeenth- century Catholic clandestine church in Amsterdam’: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clandestine_church
- The Schleitheim Confession’ (1527): https://courses.washington.edu/hist112/SCHLEITHEIM%20CONFESSION%20OF%20FAITH.htm
15 – Jews and Muslims
- ‘Internet Jewish History Sourcebook’, IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/jewish/jewishsbook.asp
- Martin Luther (1543), ‘On the Jews and their Lies’: https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/martin-luther-quot-the-jews-and-their-lies-quot
16 – Beyond Europe c. 1500
- Père du Halde, ‘How Chinese Children Learn to Read’ (c. 1575): https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/eastasia/1575duhalde1.asp
- ‘Qiu Ying’, at China Online Museum: https://www.comuseum.com/painting/masters/qiu-ying/
- Sidi Ali Reis, Mirat ul Memalik [Mirror of Countries] (1557): https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/16CSidi1.asp
- ‘East Africa and the Indian Ocean: connections, exchange networks and globalisation’ (first millennium– nineteenth century): https://journals.openedition.org/afriques/1719
17 – European Relations with the Ottoman World
- ‘Ottoman History Podcast: interviews with historians of the Ottoman Empire’: https://www.ottomanhistorypodcast.com/
- ‘Stambouline: blog on Ottoman art and architecture’: http://www.stambouline.info/
- ‘Tozsuz Evrak: commentaries on fascinating and unusual primary sources’: http://www.docblog.ottomanhistorypodcast.com/
18 – Expanding Horizons
- ‘1492: An Ongoing Voyage’ (1993), Library of Congress Exhibition: https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/1492/about.html
- ‘Auktionshaus Tschöpe’, Auction house for old shares and bonds: https://web2.cylex.de/firma-home/auktionshaus-tschoepe-793327.html
- Mandeville, Sir John, ‘Prester John’ (1366), in IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/mandeville.asp
- ‘The history of the transatlantic slave trade’, at International Slavery Museum, Liverpool: https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/history-of-slavery/transatlantic-slave-trade
- ‘Treaty of Tordesillas’, National Geographic website: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/treaty-tordesillas/
19 – Europe Overseas
- ‘The Atlantic Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Americas: A Visual Record’, ed. Jerome S. Handler and Michael L. Tuite Jr (2015): http://slaveryimages.org/s/slaveryimages/page/welcome
- ‘Colonial America’: https://www.colonialamerica.amdigital.co.uk/
- ‘The Louverture Project’ on the Haitian Revolution: http://thelouvertureproject.org/
- ‘New World Orders: Casta Painting and Colonial Latin America’, by Jasmin Ramirez (1996): http://www.artnet.com/magazine_pre2000/features/ramirez/ramirez12-02-96.asp
20 – The Global Exchange of Goods
- ‘The Atlas of Mutual Heritage’, featuring information on the Dutch East /West India Companies: https://www.atlasofmutualheritage.nl/en/
- ‘Global Commodities: Trade, Exploration and Cultural Exchange’: https://www.globalcommodities.amdigital.co.uk/
- ‘ Commodity Histories’, a forum for research exchange: https://commoditiesofempire.org.uk/
21 – Europe and the World, c. 1800
- ‘Internet East Asian History Sourcebook’, IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/eastasia/eastasiasbook.asp
- ‘The Making of the Modern World’, Goldsmith- Kress Library of Economic Literature: https://www.gale.com/intl/c/making-of-the-modern-world-part-i
- Qian Long, ‘Letter to George III’ (1793), IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1793qianlong.asp
22 – The Renaissance
- Hooker, Richard, Brians, Paul, Hines, Richard and Law, Richard, ‘ Italian Renaissance ’ (1996–99): http://www.faculty.umb.edu/gary_zabel/Courses/Phil%20281b/Philosophy%20of%20Magic/Dante.%20etc/Philosophers/Idea/www.wsu.edu_8080/~dee/RENREAD.HTM
23 – Arts and Society
- ‘Hark Harden’s Artchive’: https://www.artchive.com/ftp_site.htm
- WGA: https://www.wga.hu/
24 – From Pen to Print: A Revolution in Communication?
- Johann Gutenberg, ‘Bible’ (c.1450s): http://www.gutenbergdigital.de/gudi/start.htm
- ‘How was it made? Printing and binding a book’: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k4j_McrUmqM
- ‘Index Librorum Prohibitorum’ (1557– ), IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/indexlibrorum.asp
- ‘John Foxe’s Book of Martyrs’, Humanities Research Institute, Sheffield: https://www.dhi.ac.uk/projects/john-foxe/
- Meertens Instituut, ‘Broadside Ballads’: https://geheugen.delpher.nl/en/geheugen/pages/collectie/Straatliederen
- ‘Nordic Bibles’: https://blogs.bl.uk/european/2017/11/the-earliest-nordic-vernacular-bibles.html
- ‘Prize Papers Project’: https://www.prizepapers.de/
25 – Food and Drink Cultures
- Chevallier, Jim (2014), ‘The later water myths’, blog post at: https://leslefts.blogspot.com/2014/07/the-later-water-myths-old-regime-water.html
- ‘Drinking Studies Network’ an international and interdisciplinary research initiative: https://drinkingstudies.wordpress.com/
- ‘Feast and Fast: The Art of Food in Europe’ (2019–20), an exhibition at the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge: https://feast-and-fast.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/
- Flavin, Susan, Grieco, Allen and Scholliers, Peter (2021), ‘Food and Drink Cultures through the Ages’, webinar recording at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrNUqwnp0_I
- ‘Food and Drink in History’, an online primary source collection by Adam Matthew: https://www.amdigital.co.uk/collection/food-and-drink-in-history
- IEHCA –‘European Institute for the History and Cultures of Food’, based at Tours (France): https://villa-rabelais.fr/en/home
- ‘The Recipes Project –Food, Magic, Art, Science and Medicine’, international research blog: https://recipes.hypotheses.org/
26 – Popular Culture(s)
- ‘Bodleian Library Broadside Ballads’: http://ballads.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/
- ‘Drinking Studies Network’, interdisciplinary network connecting researchers of drink and drinking cultures: https://drinkingstudies.wordpress.com/
- ‘Einblattdrucke der Frühen Neuzeit’ [Single- leaf prints from the early modern period]: https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/c/d1cf0898-3c38-4eee-ba16-2f968f5422a7/about
27 – Witchcraft and Magic
- Bodin, Jean, De la demonomanie des sorciers (1580), excerpts in HHTP: https://history.hanover.edu/texts/bodin.html
- Gifford, George, ‘A dialogue concerning witches and witchcraftes’ (1593), excerpts in HHTP: https://history.hanover.edu/texts/gifford.html
- Goodare, J., Martin, L., Miller, J. and Yeoman, L., ‘The Survey of Scottish Witchcraft 1563–1736’ (2003): http://www.shca.ed.ac.uk/Research/witches/
- ‘The Witch Persecutions at Bamberg’ excerpts in HHTP: https://history.hanover.edu/texts/bamberg.html
- ‘Tracing the History of Witch Trials in Western Switzerland’ –a SwissInfo documentary (2011): https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/multimedia/witch-hunt_tracing-the-history-of-witch-trials-in-western-switzerland/31728360
28 – The Scientific Revolution
- Copernicus, Nicholas (1543), De revolutionibus orbium coelestium: https://ads.harvard.edu/books/1543droc.book/
- Descartes, René, Discourse on Method (1637): https://www.gutenberg.org/files/59/59-h/59-h.htm
- ‘The Galileo Project’: http://galileo.rice.edu/
- ‘Scientific Revolution’, IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/modsbook09.asp
- Vesalius, Andreas (1543), De corporis humani fabrica libri septem: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/historicalanatomies/vesalius_home.html
- ‘Virtual Library for the History of Science, Technology & Medicine’: http://vlib.iue.it/history/topical/science.html
- ‘Wellcome Images’: https://wellcomecollection.org/search/works
29 – Enlightenment
- ECCO: https://www.gale.com/intl/primary-sources/eighteenth-century-collections-online
- ‘Scottish Enlightenment’: https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/scottishhistory/enlightenment/features_enlightenment_enlightenment.shtml
- ‘The Encyclopedia of Diderot and D’Alembert Collaborative Translation Project’: https://quod.lib.umich.edu/d/did/
30 – The Theory and Practice of Politics and Government, 1500-1800
- ‘The Act of Supremacy’ (1534), on the ‘Then Again …’ website of David Koeller: http://www.thenagain.info/Classes/Sources/ActSupremacy.html
- ‘Periodical Historical Atlas of Europe, AD 1 to AD 2000’, designed by Christos Nüssli (2003): https://www.euratlas.net/history/europe/index.html
31 – Dynastic Politics, Religious Conflict and Reason of State c. 1500-1650
- ‘Geistlicher Rauffhandel’ [Clerical Brawl] (1617), in Bavarikon.de : https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:KVC-LUT-0000000000035319?lang=de
- ‘Treaty of Westphalia’ (1648): https://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/westphal.asp
32 – European Politics from the Peace of Westphalia to the French Revolution c. 1650-1800
- Hunt, Lynn and Censer, Jack, ‘Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution’: https://revolution.chnm.org/
- ‘The Levée en Masse, August 23, 1793’, IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1793levee.asp
- Lynch, Jack, ‘Eighteenth- Century Resources –History’: https://jacklynch.net/18th/
- ‘Peter the Great and the Rise of Russia (1685–1725)’, IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/petergreat.asp
33 – Courts and Centres
- Castiglione, Baldesar (1528), The Book of the Courtier , trans. Sir Thomas Hoby (1561), ‘Renascence Editions’: https://www.luminarium.org/renascence-editions/courtier/courtier1.html
- Duchess of Orléans, ‘Letter’ (1704), IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1704duchess.asp
34 – Centre and Periphery
- Du Plessis-Mornay, Philippe or Languet, Hubert [attrib.] (1579/ 1648), Vindiciae contra Tyrannos: A Defence of Liberty against Tyrants, extracts transcribed by J. P. Sommerville: https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo2/A88696.0001.001
- Haller, Albrecht von (1708–77), ‘List of Correspondents’, compiled by the Haller- Projekt, Bern: http://www.albrecht-von-haller.ch/medien/pdf/Korrespondenten.pdf
- ‘The Power of Petitioning in Seventeenth-Century England’, project website: https://petitioning.history.ac.uk/
35 – Impact of War
- Callot, Jacques (1633), ‘The Miseries of War, in: Chris Mullen, ‘The Visual Telling of Stories’: https://www.fulltable.com/vts/c/callot/callot.htm
- Evans, A. W. ed. (1913), Blaise de Monluc [Being extracts from Charles Cotton’s translation of the ‘Commentaires’], Chicago: https://archive.org/details/blaisedemonluc00montiala
- Pepys, Samuel (1906), Memoires of the Royal Navy, 1679–1688, Oxford: https://archive.org/details/pepysmemoiresro00pepygoog
- Wilson, Peter H., Pert, Tom and Tkacova, Katerina, Mapping the Thirty Years War, Oxford: https://mappingtyw.web.ox.ac.uk/home#/
36 – Riot and Rebellion
- Brown, Vincent, ‘Slave Revolt in Jamaica, 1760–1761’: http://revolt.axismaps.com/
- ‘Documents, 9. Peasants’ War: https://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/section.cfm?section_id=7
- Wood, Andy, ‘Kett’s Rebellion of 1549’: https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Kett%27s_Rebellion
37 – Revolution: France and England
- ‘Levellers Day’: https://levellersday.wordpress.com/
- ‘Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution’, edited by Jack Censer and Lynn Hunt: https://revolution.chnm.org/
- ‘Revolutionary Duchess: the Elbeuf Letters, 1788– 94, ed. Alex Fairfax-Cholmeley’: https://revolutionaryduchess.exeter.ac.uk/
- ‘Tableaux de la Révolution database’, Waddesdon Manor, Rothschild Collection: https://waddesdon.org.uk/the-collection/tableaux-de-la-revolution/
- ‘Women’s Lives in the British Civil Wars’: http://sharonhoward.org/warlives/wlintro.htm
38 – Europe in 1800
- Daniel Defoe, ‘On the Education of Women’ (1719), IHSP: https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1719defoe-women.asp