"[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This is not an advantage of countertrade { market access foreign exchange pricing alternative = efficiency }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] The simplest type of countertrade is { counterpurchase parallel barter = barter buyback }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] A one-time direct and simultaneous exchange of products of equal value is { = barter parallel barter buyback counterpurchase }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] The former Soviet Union bought construction machinery from Japan In return, the Japanese took Russian timber This set of parallel cash sales agreements is { = counterpurchase clearing agreement offset buyback }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This type of countertrade is used when a seller provides machinery and agrees to buy the related output (ie, made by that machinery) { counterpurchase clearing agreement offset = buyback }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] When a US company is required by China to manufacture its product in China for the right to sell there, this type of countertrade is used { barter counterpurchase compensation trade = offset }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This method of countertrade involves a triangular rather than bilateral trade { barter compensation trade offset = switch trading }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] Countertrade incurs extra costs that must be borne by { a selling nation = a buying nation both nations }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] Developing countries that impose countertrade have this characteristic { increasing balance of trade declining debt-service ratios = declining foreign exchange reserve }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] Firms that are likely to benefit from countertrade are: { small firms high-technology firms firms that are not vertically integrated = firms that have extensive trade operations }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] Countertrade is { cumbersome difficult to get financing from banks costly a psychological problem = all of the above }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] The US government permits these parties to participate in countertrade arrangements { = US firms US government agencies both private and public entities }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This category of Incoterms requires seller to bear all costs and risks needed to bring goods to place of destination { E terms F terms C terms = D terms }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This quotation term includes the unloading at the overseas port with the appropriate duty paid { FOB = ex dock ex works DDP }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] To conserve cash, the exporter should not quote { CFR FAS FOB = CIF }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This term of sale makes it most difficult for an exporter to conserve cash { CFR FAS FOB = CIF }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] If an exporter wants to minimize currency convertibility problems, this term of sale should be used { CIF = FOB CFR DDP }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This document is used for quotation rather than payment purposes { commercial invoice = pro forma invoice insurance certificate bill of lading }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This method is used when goods are shipped but ownership is retained by the seller { = consignment bankers' acceptance bill of exchange letter of credit }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This method of financing poses a high degree of risk to the seller { = consignment cash in advance bill of exchange letter of credit bankers' acceptance }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This term of payment is the one most desired by importers { bill of exchange letter of credit = open account cash in advance }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This financial instrument is an unconditional order in writing from an exporter to an importer to pay at a determined time (eg, three months) { consignment = time draft sight draft letter of credit }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This method of payment makes goods available to a buyer before payment { letter of credit sight draft = time draft documents against payment }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] Which of the following cannot be discounted? { bill of exchange time draft = bill of lading letter of credit }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] Compared to a bill of exchange, a letter of credit is discounted at { a higher rate = a lower rate the same rate }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This method of payment presents the least risk to an exporter { sight draft time draft open account = letter of credit }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This is not a characteristic of a letter of credit { = high risk lack of flexibility being cumbersome complexity }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This financial instrument is a document, issued by a bank at a buyer's request in favor of a seller, promising that the bank will pay an agreed amount of money upon its receipt of certain documents { sight draft time draft bill of exchange = letter of credit }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This kind of letter of credit gives the exporter maximum security and minimum delay in receiving payment { revocable and confirmed revocable and unconfirmed = irrevocable and confirmed irrevocable and unconfirmed }" "[MULTIPLE-SSELECT] This kind of letter of credit is a performance bond that guarantees a seller's obligation under a contract or agreement { back-to-back transferable irrevocable = standby }"