Chapter 14 Organometallics

The organic molecules contain carbon, hydrogen, halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atoms. Many other elements form bonds to carbon, including mercury and copper. Compounds such as this are important examples of a class of compounds known as organometallics. Water, alcohols, terminal alkynes, and even amines react with a Grignard reagent to form the corresponding conjugate base and an alkane as the conjugate acid. The reaction that forms an organolithium reagent proceeds by a slightly different mechanism when compared to the formation of a Grignard reagent. Grignard reagents typically give poor yields in a coupling reaction with simple alkyl halides, as do organolithium reagents. Organolithium reagents are more reactive and stronger bases relative to a comparable Grignard reagent.

Grignard Reagents

Structure of Grignard Reagents

Grignard Reagents are Strong Bases

Organolithium Reagents

Organocuprate Reagents

Other Organometallic Compounds